摘要
我国《商标法》对驰名商标的保护是禁注禁用,也禁止抢注已经使用并有一定影响的商标。然而,由于立法中未对恶意抢注和相关的“维权”行为规定惩处措施,在先权人通常需要同时或事后寻求《反不正当竞争法》救济,向恶意行为人主张侵权损害赔偿及弥补相应的程序成本开支。恶意抢注和恶意诉讼顽疾治理是商标制度完善的重点,《商标法》应明确相关规则以化解这类侵权行为治理难题,减少给在先权人带来不必要的程序负担。具体而言,在《商标法》中有针对性地引入相关规范,如建立恶意抢注民事赔偿、无效程序中的商标强制移转、恶意诉讼反赔等制度,是值得肯定的思路。《反不正当竞争法》长期以来发挥着对广义商业标识的补充保护作用,但为简化优化混淆规制路径,关于禁止仿冒的内容宜合并至《商标法》,以形成体系化的制止假冒和仿冒法律规范,提高法律适用的一致性和可预期性。
The unauthorized registration and/or use of well-known trademarks is prohibited by the Chinese Trademark Law(CTL),and the registration in bad faith of other’s trademarks with certain influence through use is also prohibited.However,prior rights holders usually have to seek the remedy from the Chinese Anti-Unfair Competition Law(AUCL)simultaneously or afterwards,because the CTL lacks enough relief for them to pursue civil liability against malicious behaviors by claiming compensatory damages and corresponding procedural costs.Governance of malicious trademark squatting and frivolous litigation remains a priority in refining the trademark system.The CTL should establish clear rules to address such violations,alleviate governance challenges,and reduce unnecessary procedural burdens on prior rights holders..Specifically,introducing relevant norms in the amendment of the CTL is a recommendable path,such as establishing systems for civil compensation for malicious registration,forced transfer of registered trademarks during invalidation procedures,and counterclaim of compensation for malicious litigation.While the AUCL has long played a supplementary role in protecting commercial identifiers in a broad sense,the norms on prohibiting counterfeiting can be merged into the CTL in order to simplify and optimize the regulatory path against confusion,establishing a systematic legal framework against counterfeit,ensuring consistency and predictability of legal application.
出处
《知识产权》
北大核心
2025年第9期3-26,共24页
Intellectual Property
基金
中国社会科学院学科建设“登峰战略”资助计划资助,编号DF2023YS32。
关键词
恶意抢注
恶意诉讼
商标法
商业标识
反不正当竞争法
malicious registration
malicious litigation
trademark law
commercial identifiers
anti-unfair competition law
