摘要
为探究粪肥还田对小麦产量、经济效益及土壤肥力的影响,以烟农19为材料,设置空白对照(T1)、常规施肥(T2)、常规优化施肥(T3)、粪肥替代15%无机肥(T4)、粪肥替代30%无机肥(T5)、粪肥替代15%氮肥(T6)和粪肥替代30%氮肥(T7)7个处理,调查各处理小麦产量及土壤肥力情况。结果表明,粪肥替代处理(T4~T7)的小麦有效穗数较T2提高4.6%~5.3%,穗粒数提高2.7%~4.5%。T4~T7处理产量在9217.5~9442.5 kg/hm^(2),以T6产量最高(9442.5 kg/hm^(2));T4~T7处理的经济效益在11993~13439元/hm^(2),较T2增收5.5%~18.2%,以T4经济效益较佳(13439元/hm^(2))。土壤肥力方面,各处理pH变幅较小;T4~T7处理的平均土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量分别为26.2 g/kg、1.300 g/kg、123.5 mg/kg、15.7 mg/kg、198 mg/kg,均高于T1,表明粪肥替代无机肥或氮肥可有效提升土壤保肥能力和养分含量。本文为促进小麦绿色可持续生产提供参考。
To investigate the effects of manure application on wheat yield,economic benefits,and soil fertility,an experiment was conducted using the wheat variety Yannong 19.7 treatments were set up:blank control(T1),conventional fertilization(T2),optimized conventional fertilization(T3),15%replacement of inorganic fertilizer with manure(T4),30%replacement of inorganic fertilizer with manure(T5),15%replacement of nitrogen fertilizer with manure(T6),and 30%replacement of nitrogen fertilizer with manure(T7).Wheat yield and soil fertility under each treatment were evaluated.The results showed that the manure replacement treatments(T4-T7)increased the number of effective panicles by 4.6%-5.3%and the number of grains per panicle by 2.7%-4.5%compared to T2.The yield of T4-T7 ranged from 9217.5 to 9442.5 kg/hm^(2),with T6 achieving the highest yield(9442.5 kg/hm^(2)).The economic benefits of T4-T7 ranged from 11993 to 13439 yuan/hm^(2),representing an increase of 5.5%-18.2%compared to T2,with T4 showing the best economic performance(13439 yuan/hm^(2)).In terms of soil fertility,the pH values showed little variation across treatments.The average soil organic matter,total nitrogen,alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus,and available potassium contents in T4-T7 treatments were 26.2 g/kg,1.300 g/kg,123.5 mg/kg,15.7 mg/kg,and 198 mg/kg,respectively,all of which were higher than those in T1,indicating that partial replacement of inorganic or nitrogen fertilizer with manure can effectively enhance soil nutrient retention and fertility.This study provides a reference for promoting green and sustainable wheat production.
作者
张科
邹长明
邹佳运
ZHANG Ke;ZOU Changming;ZOU Jiayun(Huinan Town Agriculture and Rural Development Service Center,Wuhe 233322,China;Anhui Science and Technology University,Fengyang 233100,China)
出处
《安徽农学通报》
2025年第19期5-8,共4页
Anhui Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
农业农村部绿色种养循环农业试点项目(2021)。
关键词
粪肥还田
小麦
种养循环
土壤肥力
manure return
wheat
crop-livestock integrated system
soil fertility
