摘要
邻苯二甲酸酯(Phthalates,PAEs)和有机磷酸酯(Organophosphate esters,OPEs)的室内污染和人体暴露日益严重,但目前缺少人群室内PAEs、OPEs昼夜暴露差异的研究.本研究利用硅胶(聚二甲基硅氧烷)手环(PDMS wristband,WB)和胸牌(PDMS sheet,PS)研究了大学生白天佩戴8 h WB(DWB)和PS(DPS)、夜晚佩戴8 h WB(NWB),夜晚悬挂8 h PS(NPS)及夜晚置于被褥中8 h WB(NWBQ)等5种情景下10种PAEs和11种OPEs的暴露浓度及单体组成.5类样品均检测出较高浓度的PAEs、OPEs,其中DWB、NWB、NWBQ中PAEs中值浓度分别为3700、3080、822 ng·dm^(-2)·h^(-1),OPEs的中值浓度为30.2、29.2、17.8 ng·dm^(-2)·h^(-1);DPS和NPS中PAEs的中值浓度分别为347、618 ng·dm^(-2)·h^(-1),OPEs的中值浓度为16.1、31.0 ng·dm^(-2)·h^(-1).人体昼夜暴露剂量存在显著差异,基于WB的暴露量:白天活动>夜间睡眠>被褥接触,而基于PS的暴露量:夜间睡眠>白天活动.人体PAEs、OPEs的昼夜暴露来源相似.女性的PAEs、OPEs的暴露剂量普遍高于男性.基于PS估算的空气PAEs、OPEs浓度评估大学生的暴露风险,发现人体对PAEs、OPEs的昼夜暴露存在低风险.研究结果为控制和消减有机污染人群暴露风险提供依据.
Indoor contamination and human exposure of phthalates(PAEs)and organophosphate esters(OPEs)are becoming increasingly serious,but there is a lack of studies on the diurnal differences in the human exposure of PAEs and OPEs.In this study,we used PDMS wristbands(WB)and PDMS sheets(PS)to investigate the exposure concentrations and compositions of PAEs and OPEs for the university students in five scenarios:wearing WB and PS for 8 h during the daytime(DWB and DPS)and wearing WB for 8 h(NWB),hanging PS for 8 h in the dormitory(NPS),and placing WB in the bedding for 8 h(NWBQ)during sleeping at night.High concentrations of PAEs and OPEs were detected in all five sample types.The median concentrations in DWB,NWB,and NWBQ were 3700,3080,and 822 ng·dm^(-2)·h^(-1)for PAEs,and were 30.2,29.2,and 17.8 ng·dm^(-2)·h^(-1)for OPEs,respectively.The median concentrations of PAEs in DPS and NPS were 347 and 618 ng·dm^(-2)·h^(-1),while the median concentrations of OPEs were 16.1 and 31.0 ng·dm^(-2)·h^(-1),respectively.There were significant differences in the diurnal variations of human exposure,the exposure based on WB:daytime>nighttime>exposure to bedding;the exposure based on PS:nighttime>daytime.However,the diurnal and night exposure sources of PAEs or OPEs were similar.Exposure levels of PAEs and OPEs for females were higher than those for males.We also assessed the exposure risks of university students by estimating the concentrations of PAEs and OPEs in the air using PS,and found that there are low risks of human exposure to PAEs and OPEs.The results provide a basis for controlling and minimizing the human exposure risks of organic pollutants.
作者
朱成霖
王健鹏
游承磊
齐亮
张子豪
王琰
ZHU Chenglin;WANG Jianpeng;YOU Chenglei;QI Liang;ZHANG Zihao;WANG Yan(School of Environmental Science and Technology,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian,116024,China)
出处
《环境化学》
北大核心
2025年第9期2373-2381,共9页
Environmental Chemistry
基金
国家自然科学基金(22376019)资助.
