摘要
本研究通过分析2023-2025年甘肃地区胚胎移植后代奶牛DHI数据,旨在为甘肃地区胚胎移植后代奶牛生产管理提供参考。选取1家规模化奶牛场胚胎移植后代的DHI数据3817条,运用SPSS 26.0软件中多因素方差分析法分析年度、胎次、产犊季节和采样季节对奶牛产奶性能的影响。结果表明,年度、胎次、产犊季节和采样季节对产奶量和乳成分均产生显著影响(P<0.05)。2023年的日产奶量、乳脂率和高峰奶较高。2024年和2025年尿素氮含量较高;3胎牛日产奶量和高峰奶较高。1胎牛尿素氮较高;夏季产犊牛的日产奶量、乳脂率、高峰奶、305d奶量较高,乳蛋白率较低。春、秋季产犊牛的尿素氮含量较高。冬季产犊牛的高峰日和体细胞数较高;夏季采样牛的高峰日较高,春和冬季采样奶牛305d奶量较高。综上得出,年度、胎次、产犊季节和采样季节显著影响甘肃地区荷斯坦胚胎移植后代生产性能,在今后生产中,需结合DHI数据,针对不同影响因素动态调整日粮营养配比并优化饲养管理措施,从而提升奶牛单产水平和养殖综合效益。
This study aims to provide reference for the production and management of embryo transfer offspring dairy cows in Gansu Province by analyzing the DHI data of embryo transfer offspring dairy cows in Gansu Province from 2023 to 2025.A total of 3817 DHI data of embryo transfer offspring from a large-scale dairy farm were selected,and the effects of year,parity,calving season and sampling season on milk production performance of dairy cows were analyzed by multi factor analysis of variance in SPSS 26.0 software.Results showed that year,parity,calving season and sampling season had significant effects on milk yield and milk composition(P<0.05).The milk fat rate and peak milk are high in 2023.Urea nitrogen is relatively high in 2024 and 2025.The milk yield and peak milk yield of 3-fetal cows were higher.The urea nitrogen of 1 fetus was higher.The milk yield,milk fat rate,peak milk yield and 305 day milk yield of calves in summer were higher,and the milk protein rate was lower.The urea nitrogen of calves in spring and autumn was higher.The peak day and somatic cell number of calving in winter were higher.The peak days of cows sampled in summer were higher,and the 305 day milk yield of cows sampled in spring and winter was higher.The year,parity,calving season and sampling season of the offspring of Holstein embryo transfer in Gansu province significantly affect the production performance.It is necessary to combine DHI data,dynamically adjust the ration nutrition ratio and optimize feeding management measures according to different influencing factors,so as to improve the per unit area yield level and breeding comprehensive benefits of dairy cows.
作者
姜徽
王红斌
陈世伟
李晓锐
武真邑
JIANG Hui;WANG Hong-bin;CHEN Shi-wei;LI Xiao-rui;WU Zhen-yi(DHI Laboratory of Gansu Nongken Tianmu Dairy Co.,Ltd.,Jinchang 737100;Gansu Nongken Animal Husbandry Industry Group Co.,Ltd.,Jinchang 737100)
出处
《中国奶牛》
2025年第9期18-21,共4页
China Dairy Cattle
基金
甘肃省金昌市科技计划青年人才基金项目(2024RC005)
2024年度国有资本经营预算支持省属企业科研项目(2024GZ024)。
关键词
胚胎移植
产奶性能
胎次
季节
Embryo transfer
Milk production performance
Parity
Season
