摘要
随着地缘科技竞争加剧,科技领军企业构建本土生态以替代国外生态体系,已成为突破“卡脖子”困境的关键,然而现有研究尚未形成系统性理论框架解释不同生态系统间竞争优势的转换机理。本文引入现代生态学中的“替代”理论,以华为鸿蒙生态在特定市场空间对安卓系统的替代进程为典型案例,探究中国科技企业在“卡脖子”情境下构建具有竞争力本土生态的实现路径。研究发现:(1)科技领军企业面临技术生态与商业生态的双重“卡脖子”困境,通过最优区分行动可以有效应对市场合法性与技术竞争性双重压力,进而引领本土创新链、产业链协同发展,实现科技自立自强。(2)本土生态替代国外生态分为孵化培育期和成长竞争期两个阶段:前者可以通过技术生态兼容、商业生态引流建立起合法的独特性,构建补偿协奏机制跨越用户数量门槛实现系统替代;后者可以通过技术生态取代、商业生态重塑发展出独特的合法性,构建整合协奏机制跨越产品类别门槛实现生态替代。
With the intensification of geopolitical science and technology competition,the construction of local ecology by leading science and technology enterprises to replace foreign ecosystems has become the key to break through the“strangle hold”context.However,the existing research has not yet formed a systematic theoretical framework to explain the transformation mechanism of competitive advantage between different ecosystems.This article introduces the“substitution”theory in modern ecology,using Huawei HarmonyOS ecosystem as a case study to explore the implementation path of Chinese Leading Science and Technology enterprises(LSTEs)in building competitive local ecosystems in a limited environment by replacing Android in a specific market space.The research findings are as follows.①Chinese LSTEs face the dual“strangle hold”dilemma of technology ecology and business ecology.Through the optimal distinctiveness action,they can effectively respond to the dual pressures of market legitimacy and technology competitiveness,and then lead the coordinated development of local innovation chain and industrial chain,so as to achieve self-reliance and self-improvement in science and technology.②The construction of local ecological competitiveness can be divided into two stages which named as incubation and cultivation,and growth competition.The former can build a legitimate uniqueness through technological ecological compatibility and commercial ecological drainage,and construct a compensatory orchestration mechanism to cross the threshold of user quantity and achieve system substitution.The latter can achieve unique legitimacy through technological ecological substitution and commercial ecological reshaping,and build an integrative orchestration mechanism to cross the threshold of product categories and achieve ecological substitution.
作者
霍影
孙辉
Huo Ying;Sun Hui(School of Economics and Management,Harbin University of Science and Technology,Harbin 150080,China;School of Management,Heilongjiang University of Science and Technology,Harbin 150022,China;Institute of Electronic Technology,Heilongjiang University of Science and Technology,Harbin 150022,China)
出处
《中国科技论坛》
北大核心
2025年第9期9-20,共12页
Forum on Science and Technology in China
基金
黑龙江省哲学社会科学研究规划项目“卡脖子情境下制造业领军企业突破性技术创新机制研究”(22GLD355)。
关键词
“卡脖子”情境
科技领军企业
创新生态系统
替代
最优区分
“Strangle hold”context
Leading Science and Technology enterprises(LSTEs)
Innovation ecosystem
Substitution
Optimal distinctiveness
