摘要
本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加短链脂肪酸钙盐和益生菌对安格斯杂交阉牛生长性能、营养物质表观消化率、血清指标和瘤胃微生物区系的影响。选取51头初始体重为(457.5±42.5)kg的健康安格斯杂交阉牛,随机分为3组,每组17个重复,每个重复1头肉牛。对照组(CON组)饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮的基础上添加1.5 g/kg DM丙酸杆菌代谢物(短链脂肪酸钙盐含量≥50.0%,CMP组)和1.5 g/kg DM丙酸杆菌代谢物及益生菌(酵母菌和枯草芽孢杆菌,CMPM组)的饲粮。预试期7 d,正试期90 d。结果表明:1)与CON组相比,CMPM组肉牛终末体重显著提高(P<0.05),平均日增重和平均日采食量极显著提高(P<0.01)。2)与CON组相比,CMP组和CMPM组肉牛粗蛋白质(CP)表观消化率显著提高(P<0.05),中性洗涤纤维(NDF)表观消化率极显著提高(P<0.01)。3)与CON组相比,CMP组肉牛血清尿素含量极显著降低(P<0.01);CMPM组血清总蛋白含量显著降低(P<0.05),血清尿素含量极显著降低(P<0.01)。4)各组间肉牛瘤胃微生物区系alpha多样性各指数均无显著差异(P>0.05)。在门水平上,与CON组相比,CMP组瘤胃疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobiota)和蓝藻菌门(Cyanobacteria)相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05);在属水平上,与CON组相比,CMP组瘤胃颤螺菌科NK4A214群(Oscillospiraceae_NK4A214_group)和毛螺菌科NK3A20群(Lachnospiraceae_NK3A20_group)相对丰度显著提高(P<0.05),瘤胃WCHB1-41相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮中添加短链脂肪酸钙盐和益生菌可以提高安格斯杂交阉牛干物质采食量和平均日增重,提高CP和NDF表观消化率,降低血清尿素含量,并提高瘤胃纤维降解菌相对丰度。
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary calcium salt of short-chain fatty acid and probiotics on growth performance,nutrient apparent digestibility,serum indices and rumen microbiota of Angus crossbred steers.Fifty-one healthy Angus crossbred steers with an initial body weight of(457.5±42.5)kg were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups,with 17 replicates in each group and 1 cattle in each replicate.Steers in the control group(CON group)were fed a basal diet,while those in the experimental groups were fed the basal diets supplemented with 1.5 g/kg DM Propionibacterium metabolites(calcium salt of short-chain fatty acid content≥50.0%,CMP group),and 1.5 g/kg DM Propionibacterium metabolites and probiotics(yeast and Bacillus subtilis,CMPM group),respectively.The pre-experiment lasted for 7 days and the experiment lasted for 90 days.The results showed as follows:1)compared with CON group,the final body weight of beef cattle in CMPM group was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the average daily gain and average daily feed intake were extremely significantly increased(P<0.01).2)Compared with CON group,the crude protein(CP)apparent digestibility of beef cattle in CMP group and CMPM group was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the neutral detergent fiber(NDF)apparent digestibility was extremely significantly increased(P<0.01).3)Compared with CON group,the serum urea content of beef cattle in CMP group was extremely significantly decreased(P<0.01);the serum total protein content in CMPM group was significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the serum urea content in serum was extremely significantly decreased(P<0.01).4)There were no significant differences in each index of alpha diversity of rumen microbiota of beef cattle among the groups(P>0.05).At the phylum level,compared with CON group,the relative abundances of Verrucomicrobiota and Cyanobacteria in rumen in CMP group were significantly decreased(P<0.05);at the genus level,compared with CON group,the relative abundances of Oscillospiraceae_NK4A214_group and Lachnospiraceae_NK3A20_group in rumen in CMP group was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the WCHB1-41 relative abundance in rumen was significantly decreased(P<0.05).In conclusion,dietary calcium salt of short-chain fatty acid and probiotics can increase the dry matter intake and average daily gain of Angus crossbred steers,improve the apparent digestibilities of CP and NDF,reduce the serum urea content,and increase the relative abundances of rumen fibre-degrading bacteria.
作者
唐喜仁
易鑫
李宁
吴浩
刘晶晶
何春兰
周振明
TANG Xiren;YI Xin;LI Ning;WU Hao;LIU Jingjing;HE Chunlan;ZHOU Zhenming(Beef Cattle Research Center,State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding,College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Jiangxi Heswof Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Yichun 336000,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
北大核心
2025年第9期6020-6031,共12页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
国家自然科学基金(M2442002)
国家重点研发计划项目(2024YFD1301100)。
关键词
短链脂肪酸钙盐
益生菌
安格斯牛
生长性能
营养物质表观消化率
血清指标
瘤胃微生物区系
calcium salt of short-chain fatty acid
probiotics
Angus crossbred steers
growth performance
nutrient apparent digestibility
serum indices
rumen microbiota
