摘要
本试验旨在探究葡萄籽原花青素(GSP)对泌乳奶牛生产性能、乳脂肪酸组成、血清指标及瘤胃发酵参数的影响。选取32头健康、体重[(683±14)kg]接近的荷斯坦奶牛,采用完全随机区组试验设计,以胎次、泌乳天数和初始产奶量作为区组因素,将奶牛随机分为2组,每组16头。对照组(CON组)饲喂基础饲粮,GSP组在饲喂基础饲粮的基础上补饲50 g/d的GSP。预试期15 d,正试期45 d。试验期间每天记录产奶量,并在第15、30、45和60天采集瘤胃液和奶样,在第21、35和49天采集血液。结果表明:与CON组相比,GSP组乳蛋白率及乳脂肪酸中硬脂酸和亚油酸的比例显著提高(P<0.05),肉豆蔻烯酸、十五烷酸、棕榈烯酸和十七烷酸的比例显著降低(P<0.05);血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性有提高的趋势(P=0.065),血清白细胞介素-6(IL-6)含量有降低的趋势(P=0.081),血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)及脂多糖(LPS)含量显著降低(P<0.05);瘤胃液异丁酸浓度显著提高(P<0.05),瘤胃液乙酸/丙酸显著降低(P<0.05)。综上可知,补饲50 g/d GSP可提升乳蛋白率与乳中多不饱和脂肪酸比例,改善乳品质;同时降低瘤胃液乙酸/丙酸,优化瘤胃发酵参数;还能降低血清LPS及IL-6、TNF-α含量,提高血清SOD活性,促进奶牛健康。
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of grape seed proanthocyanidin(GSP)on performance,milk fatty acid composition,serum indexes and rumen fermentation parameters of lactating dairy cows.Thirty-two healthy Holstein cows with similar body weight[(683±14)kg]were selected and assigned to a completely randomized block design,with parity,days in milk and initial milk yield as blocking factors.The cows were randomly divided into 2 groups,with 16 cows in each group.Cows in the control group(CON group)were fed a basal diet,while those in the GSP group were fed the basal diet supplemented with 50 g/d of GSP.The pre-test period lasted for 15 days,and the formal test period lasted for 45 days.During the experiment,milk yield was recorded daily.Rumen fluid and milk samples were collected on days 15,30,45 and 60,and blood samples were collected on days 21,35 and 49.The results showed that compared with the CON group,the GSP group had significantly increased milk protein rate and the proportions of stearic acid and linoleic acid in milk fatty acids(P<0.05),while the proportions of myristoleic acid,pentadecanoic acid,palmitoleic acid and heptadecanoic acid in milk fatty acids were significantly decreased(P<0.05).The serum superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity tended to increase(P=0.065),and the serum interleukin-6(IL-6)content tended to decrease(P=0.081).Meanwhile,the serum tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and lipopolysaccharide(LPS)contents were significantly decreased(P<0.05).The concentration of isobutyric acid in rumen fluid was significantly increased(P<0.05),while the acetate/propionate ratio in rumen fluid was significantly decreased(P<0.05).In conclusion,supplementary feeding of 50 g/d GSP can improve milk protein percentage and the proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids in milk,thereby enhancing milk quality.It can also reduce the acetate/propionate ratio in rumen fluid to optimize rumen fermentation parameters,and decrease serum LPS,IL-6 and TNF-αcontents while increasing serum SOD activity,which is beneficial to promoting the health of dairy cows.
作者
叶彤
王莹
谭健
牛浩羽
张奥
蒋林树
赵玉超
YE Tong;WANG Ying;TAN Jian;NIU Haoyu;ZHANG Ao;JIANG Linshu;ZHAO Yuchao(Key Laboratory of Dairy Nutrition in Beijing,College of Animal Science and Technology,Beijing University of Agriculture,Beijing 102206,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
北大核心
2025年第9期6009-6019,共11页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
现代农业产业技术体系北京市创新团队(BAIC05)
北京农学院青年教师科研创新能力提升计划(QJKC-2023)。
关键词
奶牛
葡萄籽原花青素
生产性能
乳脂肪酸
瘤胃发酵参数
血清指标
dairy cows
grape seed proanthocyanidin
performance
milk fatty acids
rumen fermentation parameters
serum indexes
