摘要
本试验旨在研究饲粮添加甲酸钙对糯谷断奶仔猪生长性能、养分消化吸收和血液指标的影响。选取60头平均体重为(11.0±0.5)kg、健康的33日龄糯谷断奶仔猪,随机分为3组,每组4个重复,每个重复5头猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,抗生素组和甲酸钙组分别饲喂在基础饲粮的基础上添加200 mg/kg土霉素钙和0.5%甲酸钙的饲粮。预试期5 d,正试期28 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,甲酸钙组平均日增重(ADG)和平均日采食量(ADFI)显著提高(P<0.05),料重比(F/G)显著降低(P<0.05),腹泻率和腹泻指数有降低趋势(P>0.05);与抗生素组相比,甲酸钙组ADFI显著提高(P<0.05),ADG、F/G、腹泻率和腹泻指数均无显著差异(P>0.05)。2)与对照组相比,甲酸钙组干物质、总能、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、钙和总磷表观消化率显著或极显著提高(P<0.05或P<0.01);与抗生素组相比,甲酸钙组各养分表观消化率均无显著差异(P>0.05)。3)与对照组相比,甲酸钙组空肠胰蛋白酶和α-淀粉酶活性显著或极显著提高(P<0.05或P<0.01);与抗生素组相比,甲酸钙组空肠α-淀粉酶活性显著提高(P<0.05)。4)在十二指肠中,与对照组相比,甲酸钙组阳离子氨基酸转运蛋白1(CAT1)、溶质载体家族1成员1(SLC1A1)、小肽转运蛋白1(PEPT1)、钠-葡萄糖协同转运蛋白1(SGLT1)和载脂蛋白B(APOB)mRNA相对表达量显著或极显著提高(P<0.05或P<0.01);与抗生素组相比,甲酸钙组SLC1A1和APOB mRNA相对表达量极显著提高(P<0.01)。在空肠中,与对照组相比,甲酸钙组SLC1A1、PEPT1和APOB mRNA相对表达量极显著提高(P<0.01);与抗生素组相比,甲酸钙组PEPT1和APOB mRNA相对表达量极显著提高(P<0.01)。5)与对照组相比,甲酸钙组血浆总蛋白含量显著提高(P<0.05),血浆葡萄糖含量极显著降低(P<0.01),血浆总胆固醇和尿素氮含量显著降低(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,抗生素组和甲酸钙组血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和总超氧化物歧化酶活性极显著提高(P<0.01),血清白细胞介素-6含量和谷草转氨酶活性极显著降低(P<0.01),血清免疫球蛋白A和免疫球蛋白M含量显著提高(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮添加甲酸钙可以提高糯谷断奶仔猪机体抗氧化、抗炎和免疫能力,提高肠道消化酶活性和养分转运相关蛋白基因表达,并提高养分表观消化率,促进机体对养分的消化吸收,同时缓解腹泻,从而改善其生长性能,且效果与抗生素相当或优于抗生素。
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with calcium formate on the growth performance,nutrient digestion and absorption,and blood indices of Nuogu weaned piglets.Sixty healthy 33-day-old Nuogu weaned piglets with an average body weight of(11.0±0.5)kg were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups,with 4 replicates in each group and 5 pigs in each replicate.Piglets in the control group were fed a basal diet,while those in the antibiotic group and the calcium formate group were fed the basal diets supplemented with 200 mg/kg calcium oxytetracycline and 0.5%calcium formate,respectively.The pre-test period was 5 days and the formal test period was 28 days.The results showed as follows:1)compared with the control group,the average daily gain(ADG)and average daily feed intake(ADFI)in the calcium formate group were significantly increased(P<0.05),the feed to gain ratio(F/G)was significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the diarrhea rate and diarrhea index showed a decreasing trend(P>0.05);compared with the antibiotic group,the ADFI in the calcium formate group was significantly increased(P<0.05),while there were no significant differences in ADG,F/G,diarrhea rate and diarrhea index(P>0.05).2)Compared with the control group,the apparent digestibilities of dry matter,gross energy,crude protein,ether extract,calcium and total phosphorus in the calcium formate group was significantly or extremely significantly increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01);compared with the antibiotic group,there were no significant differences in the apparent digestibility of each nutrient in the calcium formate group(P>0.05).3)Compared with the control group,the jejunal trypsin andα-amylase activities in the calcium formate group were significantly or extremely significantly increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01);compared with the antibiotic group,the jejunalα-amylase activity in the calcium formate group was significantly increased(P<0.05).4)In the duodenum,compared with the control group,the mRNA relative expression levels of cationic amino acid transporter 1(CAT1),solute carrier family 1 member 1(SLC1A1),peptide transporter 1(PEPT1),sodium-glucose cotransporter 1(SGLT1)and apolipoprotein B(APOB)in the calcium formate group were significantly or extremely significantly increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01);compared with the antibiotic group,the mRNA relative expression levels of SLC1A1 and APOB in the calcium formate group were extremely significantly increased(P<0.01).In the jejunum,compared with the control group,the mRNA relative expression levels of SLC1A1,PEPT1 and APOB in the calcium formate group were extremely significantly increased(P<0.01);compared with the antibiotic group,the mRNA relative expression levels of PEPT1 and APOB in the calcium formate group were extremely significantly increased(P<0.01).5)Compared with the control group,the plasma total protein content in the calcium formate group was significantly increased(P<0.05),the plasma glucose content was extremely significantly decreased(P<0.01),and the plasma total cholesterol and urea nitrogen contents were significantly decreased(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the activities of serum glutathione peroxidase and total superoxide dismutase in the antibiotic group and the calcium formate group were extremely significantly increased(P<0.01),the content of serum interleukin-6 and the activity of aspartate aminotransferase were extremely significantly decreased(P<0.01),and the contents of serum immunoglobulin A and immunoglobulin M were significantly increased(P<0.05).In conclusion,dietary supplementation with calcium formate can enhance the antioxidant,anti-inflammatory and immune capabilities of Nuogu weaned piglets,increase the activities of intestinal digestive enzymes and the gene expression of nutrient transportation-related proteins,and improve the apparent digestibilities of nutrients,promoting the digestion and absorption of nutrients by the body.At the same time,it can relieve diarrhea,thereby improving their growth performance,and the effect is comparable to or better than that of antibiotics.
作者
李冬光
林佳乐
黄燕化
班明政
张雄
张凯凯
陆胜涛
周盘红
韩燕
黄辉婧
施晓丽
LI Dongguang;LIN Jiale;HUANG Yanhua;BAN Mingzheng;ZHANG Xiong;ZHANG Kaikai;LU Shengtao;ZHOU Panhong;HAN Yan;HUANG Huijing;SHI Xiaoli(Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics,Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region,Ministry of Education,College of Animal Science,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Guizhou Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Research Institute,Guiyang 550005,China;Guizhou Vocational College of Agriculture,Guiyang 551400,China;Nayong County Agriculture and Rural Bureau,Nayong 553300,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
北大核心
2025年第9期5838-5849,共12页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
贵州省科技支撑资助项目(黔科合支撑[2021]150,黔科合支撑[2023]一般154)。
关键词
糯谷断奶仔猪
甲酸钙
生长性能
养分消化吸收
血液指标
Nuogu weaned piglets
calcium formate
growth performance
nutrient digestion and absorption
blood indices
