摘要
医学深度学习模型的轻量化通过自适应压缩技术,在保持诊断精度的同时显著降低计算复杂度,使其能够部署于边缘设备,推动AI在临床门急诊、手术引导及便携监测等场景落地。在口腔诊疗领域,轻量化模型的研究采用MobileNet、YOLO等轻量化架构、改进卷积方式、知识蒸馏等技术,完成影像学上牙、颌骨等解剖结构分割,龋齿、口腔癌等疾病诊断,部分集成至智能牙刷、智能手机应用程序等边缘设备。本文综述了轻量化模型在口腔诊疗中的应用进展,为相关技术的进一步发展与临床转化提供参考。
The lightweighting of medical deep learning models through adaptive compression techniques significantly reduces computational complexity while maintaining diagnostic accuracy,enabling deployment on edge devices and promoting the implementation of AI in clinical scenarios such as emergency care,surgical guidance,and portable monitoring.In the field of dental care,research on lightweight models has employed architectures such as MobileNet and YOLO,along with techniques like convolutional optimization and knowledge distillation,to accomplish imaging-based segmentation of anatomical structures such as teeth and jaws,and the diagnosis of diseases including caries and oral cancer.Some of these models have been integrated into edge devices such as smart toothbrushes and mobile applications.This paper reviewed the application progress of lightweight models in diagnosis and treatment of dental disease,aiming to provide references for further development and clinical transformation of related technologies.
作者
高安琪
黄昕睿
张晓凡
张少霆
洪义
陈磊
王旭东
Gao Anqi;Huang Xinrui;Zhang Xiaofan;Zhang Shaoting;Hong Yi;Chen Lei;Wang Xudong(Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery,Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine/College of Stomatology,Shanghai Jiao Tong University/National Center for Stomatology/National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases/Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology/Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology,Shanghai 200011;School of Information and Electronic Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240;Department of Computer Science and Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240;Shanghai Shangtang Shancui Medical Technology Corporation,Shanghai 200233;Shanghai Academy of Artificial Intelligence for Science,Shanghai 200232,China)
出处
《中国口腔颌面外科杂志》
2025年第5期517-522,共6页
China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
基金
国家重点研发计划(2023YFC2414100)
上海交通大学“交大之星”计划医工交叉研究基金(YG2022ZD014)
上海市口腔-颅颌面数字化技术研发与应用专业服务平台(21DZ2294600)
上海市促进产业高质量发展专项(2024-GZL-RGZN-02033)。
关键词
轻量化模型
深度学习
口腔诊疗
边缘设备
实时诊断
Lightweight model
Deep learning
Diagnosis and treatment of dental disease
Edge devices
Real-time diagnosis
