摘要
北宋皇帝在开封郊外狩猎次数从多到少直至在北宋中期停罢,而北宋开封沙尘天气从无到有、从少到多再到少,在北宋中期形成高峰,所反映的其实都是开封作为都城的环境变化。宋初,开封郊外的林地、草地、湿地面积较大,自然环境比较优良。从宋真宗朝开始,随着国家太平、人口增多、城市膨胀,京郊的草地和荒地开始被开垦,大力发展粮食等种植业。郊区的空间不断被挤压,天然林地、草地和湿地面积缩小,自然环境恶化,逐渐出现风沙天气。北宋前期沙尘天气最少,北宋中期最多。神宗朝开始采取多种措施保护林木、修复环境,到宋徽宗朝东京城内外的自然环境大有改善,实现了大都市与周边环境的平衡和谐发展,是为一次重大的生态社会实验,在古代史上具有特殊意义。
The decreasing number of hunting trips to the suburbs of the capital city of Kaifeng during the Northern Song Dynasty,or variations in sandstorms around Kaifeng during the Northern Song period,all reflect environmental changes in the Northern Song capital.At the beginning of the Song Dynasty,forest,grassland,and wetland areas around Kaifeng were relatively extensive,and the natural environment was quite favorable.From Emperor Zhenzong's reign,with national pacification,population growth,and urban expansion,grassy wilderness in the capital's suburbs were increasingly converted to grain production.Consequently,suburban land faced growing encroachment,natural forests,grasslands,and wetlands diminished,and the natural environment deteriorated,gradually forming windborne sand conditions.The fewest sandstorms occurred in the early Northern Song period,and the most in the mid-Northern Song era.Beginning with Emperor Shenzong's reign,the government implemented conservation measures to protect trees and restore ecosystems.By Emperor Huizong's era,the natural environment in and around the capital improved significantly,with just one sandstorm recorded,resulting in a balanced,harmonious relationship between the metropolis and its surroundings.
出处
《河南大学学报(社会科学版)》
北大核心
2025年第5期72-82,154,共12页
Journal of Henan University(Social Sciences)
