摘要
目的分析城市污水处理工人血生化指标特征,评估不同岗位职业暴露对糖脂代谢及肝肾功能的影响,并探究工龄与代谢指标的关系,为建立工龄分层职业健康监测体系提供科学依据。方法选取2024年1—12月广州市污水处理企业工龄≥1年的男性作业工人,按年龄比例抽样(<30岁∶30~<40岁∶≥40岁=4∶3∶1),分为调度班(64人)、巡检班(551人)、维修班(95人)和化验班(16人);检测的血液生化指标包括总胆固醇(TC),三酰甘油(TG),高、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C、LDL-C)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、空腹血糖(FBG)、肌酐(Cr)、尿素氮(BUN)、尿酸(UA)等,分析其与工龄之间的关系。结果不同岗位血生化指标检测结果差异多无统计学意义(P<0.05),仅维修班LDL-C异常率低于其他岗位(χ^(2)=11.624,P<0.05),高工龄组化验班Cr异常率高于其他岗位(χ^(2)=7.144,P<0.05);高工龄组TG(K=8.300)及FBG(K=8.025)和BUN(K=7.355)检测结果均高于低工龄组(P<0.05);按岗位分层比较,调度班FBG异常率(χ_(趋势)^(2)=8.961,P<0.05)、巡检班BUN异常率(χ_(趋势)^(2)=5.418,P<0.05)均随工龄增加整体呈线性上升及下降趋势。结论城市污水处理工人血生化指标检测结果大多无明显异常,但随着工龄增长,TG、FBG和BUN水平呈升高趋势。因此,对高年龄及长工龄工人的职业健康情况应给予关注。
Objective To analyze the blood biochemical indicators of urban sewage treatment workers,evaluate the effects of occupational exposure on the metabolism of glucose/lipid and the function of liver/kidney,and explore the relationship between length of service and these indicators,thereby providing scientific basis for establishing a hierarchical occupational health monitoring system based on length of service.Methods Male workers with≥1 year of service length from a municipal wastewater treatment plant were selected from January to December 2024,the sampling was conducted according to age ratio(<30 years︰30~<40 years︰≥40 years=4∶3∶1),then the subjects consisted of four groups:dispatch team(64 workers),inspection team(551 workers),maintenance team(95 workers),and laboratory team(16 workers);the blood biochemical indicators tested included total cholesterol(TC),triglycerides(TG),high and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C,LDL-C),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),fasting blood glucose(FBG),creatinine(Cr),urea nitrogen(BUN),uric acid(UA)etc.then analyze its relationship with length of service.Results The results showed that there was no statistically significant difference in blood biochemical indicators among different positions(P<0.05),except that the abnormality rate of LDL-C of the maintenance team was lower than that of other positions(χ^(2)=11.624,P<0.05),and the abnormality rate of blood Cr in laboratory team of the high seniority group was higher than that in other positions(χ^(2)=7.144,P<0.05);the TG(K=8.300),FBG(K=8.025),and BUN(K=7.355)test results in high seniority group were higher than those in the low seniority group(P<0.05);while the job stratified analysis revealed that the abnormality rate of FBG in dispatch team(χ_(trend)^(2)=8.961,P<0.05),and the abnormality rate of BUN in inspection team(χ_(trend)^(2)=5.418,P<0.05)showed a linear upward trend with the increase and downward of length of service.Conclusion The results suggested that the test results of the blood biochemical indicators of the urban sewage treatment workers mostly showed no abnormality,but with the increase of length of service,the levels of TG,FBG,and BUN showed an upward trend.Therefore,the priority attention should be paid to occupational health status of the elderly and high seniority workers.
作者
冯玉超
张海
范小猛
钟坤鹏
赵远
李艳华
FENG Yuchao;ZHANG Hai;FAN Xiaomeng;ZHONG Kunpeng;ZHAO Yuan;LI Yanhua(The Twelfth People′s Hospital of Guangzhou,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510620,China)
出处
《中国工业医学杂志》
2025年第4期404-409,共6页
Chinese Journal of Industrial Medicine
基金
广州市市校(院)企联合资助专题(2025A03J3537,2024A03J0370,2024A03J0371)。
关键词
污水处理
血生化指标
工龄
职业健康检查
sewage treatment
blood biochemical indicators
length of service
occupational health examination
