摘要
针对某企业研发中心废水处理站现有工艺难以稳定处理复杂络合态重金属废水的问题,提出一种“Fenton氧化+中和沉淀+树脂吸附”多屏障耦合工艺,以该企业高浓度有机络合重金属废水为研究对象,通过工艺优化与连续运行验证,实现废水高效达标排放。结果表明:Fenton氧化(FeSO_(4)投加量4 mL/L,H_(2)O_(2)投加量0.2 mL/L,pH 3~4)可有效破络并降解有机物,结合中和沉淀(pH 10~10.5)及树脂吸附(pH 6.0~6.5)后,出水COD降至145~269 mg/L,Ni、Co、Pb等重金属浓度均低于《北京市水污染物综合排放标准》(DB 11/307—2013)限值(如Ni≤0.4 mg/L、Co及Pb≤0.1 mg/L),达标率100%。该工艺运行成本仅为4.52元/m^(3),且通过多屏障动态适配显著提升了抗水质波动能力。本研究为复杂络合重金属废水处理提供了高效、经济的技术方案,具有重要的工程应用价值。
The existing wastewater treatment process(neutralization and sedimentation+activated carbon filtration+arsenic removal resin adsorption)at a state-owned enterprise R&D center in the mining industry exhibits aging facilities and insufficient capacity for breaking complexes,leading to frequent heavy metal exceedance(such as nickel,cobalt,and lead)in the effluent.The treatment efficiency fails to meet the discharge limits specified in Table 3 of Beijing Comprehensive Emission Standards for Water Pollutants(DB 11/307—2013).To address these challenges,a multi-barrier coupling process of"Fenton oxidation+neutralization precipitation+chelating resin adsorption"was proposed.Using the enterprise's high-concentration organic complex heavy metal wastewater as the research subject,the treatment efficiency and operational stability of the coupled process were evaluated through parameter optimization and 35-day continuous operation,with an economic assessment conducted.The results demonstrate that the multi-barrier dynamic adaptation mechanism enable phased and efficient removal of pollutants.Fenton oxidation(FeSO_(4) dosage of 4 mL/L,H_(2)O_(2) dosage of 0.2 mL/L,and pH value of 3-4)effectively degrades organic matter and disrupts organic-metal complexes,releasing free heavy metals.Subsequent neutralization precipitation(pH value of 10-10.5)removes over 90%of free heavy metals via coagulation and co-precipitation.Chelating resin adsorption(pH value of 6.0-6.5)further eliminates residual low-concentration free or complex heavy metal ions.During the 35-day operation,the effluent COD stabilizes at 145-269 mg/L,while concentrations of target heavy metals[Ni:(0.16±0.07)mg/L,Co and Pb:<0.1 mg/L]consistently comply with the regulatory limits,achieve a compliance rate of 100%.The system exhibits strong resilience against influent fluctuations,confirming the process reliability and stability.Economic analysis indicates that the integrated operating cost of the coupled process is approximately 4.52￥/m^(3)(power cost:2.79￥/m^(3);reagent cost:1.73￥/m^(3)),representing a 30%reduction compared to conventional sulfide precipitation methods.Additionally,sludge production is significantly reduced,attributed to the synergistic effects of multi-barrier mechanisms minimizing dependence on single highenergy-consuming steps.In conclusion,the proposed coupling process provides an efficient,cost-effective,and robust solution for treating high-variability organic complex heavy metal wastewater.Its successful implementation establishes a replicable framework for similar engineering applications,beneficial for the sustainable development in mining and metallurgical industries.
作者
张凯
乔继扬
刘峰彪
刘艳丽
ZHANG Kai;QIAO Jiyang;LIU Fengbiao;LIU Yanli(BGRIMM Technology Group,Beijing 100160,China)
出处
《有色金属(冶炼部分)》
北大核心
2025年第10期170-176,共7页
Nonferrous Metals(Extractive Metallurgy)
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2024YFC3907505)。
关键词
络合态重金属
芬顿氧化
中和沉淀
树脂吸附
运行成本
complex heavy metals
Fenton oxidation
neutralization precipitation
resin adsorption
operating cost
