摘要
滨海湿地是自然界遭受人类活动干扰最频繁、退化最严重的生态系统之一,实施以遏制滨海土壤退化、促进植被进展演替、改善动植物栖息地生境为目标的湿地修复尤为迫切。在江苏盐城通过实施土地平整+水系连通+碱蓬复播(Ⅰ)、土地平整+水系连通(Ⅱ)、土地平整+自然生长(Ⅲ)等3种处理技术,研究了水系连通与碱蓬复播对滨海湿地植被恢复、土壤理化及酶活性的影响,比较了不同修复措施对湿地碱蓬生长、土壤理化性质及酶活性的效应。结果表明:处理区植被恢复效果明显,植物回归22种,覆盖6个科19属,处理Ⅰ和处理Ⅱ下植被盖度分别达58%、46%,显著高于对照(19%),并以碱蓬植物占绝对优势;水系连通处理后土壤主要物理参数变化不明显,SOC、TN、AP质量分数显著降低,而AK、SS质量分数显著增加;水系连通措施促进了表层土壤CAT活性提高,但短期内对深层次ALP、SUE活性的影响作用不显著。相关分析表明,SOC与TN、AP呈极显著正相关(p<0.01),与AK、SS呈极显著负相关(p<0.01),3种土壤酶活性与土壤理化指标间的相关性均不显著(p>0.05)。冗余分析表明,0-10 cm深度土壤SOC、AK、SS、TN、CAT、ALP活性与植被恢复指标呈显著正相关(p<0.05),BD、SWC、NCP、AP、SUE活性与其呈显著负相关(p<0.05)。该研究结果可为滨海退化湿地实施生态修复及盐土改良提供一定的技术参考。
Coastal wetlands are among the ecosystems that are most frequently disturbed by human activities and experienced the most severe degradation.It is particularly urgent to implement wetland restoration to curb coastal soil degradation,promote the progression and succession of vegetation,and improve the habitats of animals and plants.The impact of remediation on vegetation recovery,soil physicochemical properties,and two enzyme activities of degraded coastal wetlands in Yancheng,Jiangsu Province were studied using three treatment techniques:land leveling+water system connection+Suaeda glaudata resowing(Ⅰ),land leveling+water system connection(Ⅱ),and land leveling+natural growth(Ⅲ).The effects of different restoration measures on the growth of Suaeda glaudata in wetlands,soil physical and chemical properties,and enzyme activities were compared.The results showed that the restoration treatments significantly improved the habitat conditions of coastal wetlands,and the effect was obvious,with 22 plant species returning,covering six families and 19 genera.The vegetation coverage of treatments I andⅡwas 58%and 46%,respectively,significantly higher than that of the control(19%),and Suaeda glauca was the dominant species in the total community.After the drainage connection treatment,the changes in the main physical parameters of the soil were insignificant.The mass fractions of soil organic carbon(SOC),total nitrogen(TN),and available phosphorus(AP)decreased significantly,whereas those of available potassium(AK)and soil salinity(SS)increased significantly.The water system connection measures promoted an increase in catalase(CAT)activity in the surface soil,but the effects on alkaline phosphatase(ALP)and soil urease(SUE)activity were not obvious in the short term.Correlation analysis showed that SOC was significantly positively correlated with TN and AP(p<0.01)and significantly negatively correlated with AK and SS(p<0.01).The correlations between the three soil enzyme activities and the soil physical and chemical indicators were not significant(p>0.05).Redundancy analysis indicated that SOC,AK,SS,TN,CAT,and ALP activity at 0‒10 cm depth were significantly positively correlated with vegetation restoration indicators(p<0.05),whereas bulk density(BD),soil water content(SWC),net primary productivity(NPP),AP,and SUE activity were significantly negatively correlated with them(p<0.05).The results can provide technical references for ecological restoration and saline soil improvement in degraded coastal wetlands.
作者
李冬林
张姣佼
杨磊
王鹏
何冬梅
LI Donglin;ZHANG Jiaojiao;YANG Lei;WANG Peng;HE Dongmei(Jiangsu Academy of Forestry,Nanjing 211153,P.R.China;Geological Survey of Jiangsu Province,Nanjing 210018,P.R.China;Yancheng Coastal Wetland Ecosystem Research Station,Yancheng 224136,P.R.China)
出处
《生态环境学报》
北大核心
2025年第9期1421-1431,共11页
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
基金
江苏省林业科技创新与推广项目(LYKJ[2022]03)。
关键词
滨海湿地
水系连通
碱蓬复播
植被恢复
土壤理化
酶活性
coastal degraded wetlands
water system connectivity
reseeding of Suaeda glauca
vegetation recovery
soil physical and chemical properties
enzyme activity
