新时期非物质文化遗产的创新保护与传承利用:体系、路径与挑战被引量：18

Innovative protection,inheritance and utilization of intangible cultural heritage in the New Era:System,pathways,and challenges

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摘要非物质文化遗产是重要的文化资源和中华优秀传统文化的重要组成部分,保护好、传承好、弘扬好非物质文化遗产,对于延续历史文脉、坚定文化自信、推动文明交流互鉴、建设社会主义文化强国具有重要意义。中国非物质文化遗产保护工作已走过二十余年,在取得显著成就的同时也积累了大量经验。当前,中国非物质文化遗产保护工作正经历从“抢救性保护”转向“系统性保护”的新阶段,并呈现出一些新特征。本次访谈邀请了非物质文化遗产相关领域的专家学者,就保护体系构建、保护创新模式、保护传承路径等话题展开对话。综合各位专家的主要观点,新时期非物质文化遗产的创新保护与传承弘扬需要重视如下方面:(1)推动非物质文化遗产系统性保护,关注非物质文化遗产与环境的关系,以文化生态保护区为特色开展非物质文化遗产区域性整体保护实践,构筑以人为本的保护体系;(2)非物质文化遗产是各族人民智慧的结晶,是铸牢中华民族共同体意识的关键纽带,保护非物质文化遗产需要与当代各族人民的生活相连接,要通过多方力量助推非物质文化遗产融入现代生活,实现非物质文化遗产创造性转化、创新性发展;(3)科技、旅游在不同层次上赋能非物质文化遗产保护传承,但需要注意遗产保护的核心出发点,利用好科技手段,实现非物质文化遗产与旅游深度融合,完善非物质文化遗产传承体验设施体系建设,推动非物质文化遗产保护与利用,助力乡村振兴和城市更新。 Intangible cultural heritage(ICH)is a crucial cultural resource and an integral part of China's excellent traditional culture.Protecting,inheriting,and promoting ICH is significant for preserving historical context,strengthening cultural confidence,fostering civilizational exchanges,and building a socialist cultural power.After over two decades of efforts,China has achieved remarkable progress in ICH protection and accumulated valuable experience.Currently,ICH preservation is transitioning from"rescue-oriented protection"to"systematic protection",marked by new characteristics.This special discussion invites experts and scholars from ICH and related fields to explore topics such as ICH protection system construction,innovative protection models,and inheritance pathways.Based on their insights,the following priorities emerge for innovative protection and inheritance in the New Era:(1)Promote systematic ICH protection by emphasizing the relationship between ICH and its environment,implementing regional holistic conservation through cultural ecological reserves,and building a people-centered protection system.(2)As a crystallization of ethnic wisdom and a key bond for consolidating the Chinese national community,ICH must connect with contemporary life.Multi-stakeholder collaboration should facilitate its integration into modern society to achieve creative transformation and innovative development.(3)Technology and tourism can empower ICH protection and inheritance across multiple dimensions.However,the core objective of heritage preservation must remain paramount.Strategic integration of technological tools can deepen ICH-tourism synergies,improve heritage experience infrastructure,facilitate ICH preservation and adaptive reuse,and effectively support both rural revitalization and urban renewal initiatives.

作者杨晓辉罗微陈华文林继富王敏朱鹤康丽周建明孙业红葛磊 YANG Xiao-hui;LUO Wei;CHEN Hua-wen;LIN Ji-fu;WANG Min;ZHU He;KANG Li;ZHOU Jian-ming;SUN Ye-hong;GE Lei(Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China;College of Resources and Environment,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Ministry of Culture and Tourism,Beijing 100020,China;Cultural Development Strategy Research Center,Chinese National Academy of Arts,Beijing 100029,China;College of Culture,Creativity and Communication,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321004,Zhejiang,China;College of Ethnology and Sociology,Minzu University of China,Beijing 100081,China;College of Chinese Language and Literature,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830046,China;School of Literature,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;China Academy of Urban Planning&Design,Beijing 100044,China;School of Tourism,Beijing Union University,Beijing 100101,China;Henan Academy of Culture and Art,Zhengzhou 450003,China)