摘要
微生物群落结构多样性是土壤生态恢复的重要指标.以贵州某典型煤矸石堆场自然恢复的4种优势植物根际土壤及根系为研究对象,测定植物根际土壤速效氮(AN)、速效磷(AP)、速效钾(AK)、有机碳(TOC)含量,以及土壤重金属元素Cd、Cr、Cu、Fe、Mg、Mn、Pb、Zn的全量.采用高通量测序法分析植物根际土壤及根系微生物群落组成特征.结果显示:4种优势植物都显著提高了煤矸石层土壤的pH值和AK(P<0.05),显著增加了土壤细菌和真菌操作分类单元(OTUs)数量(P<0.05),根际土壤细菌OTUs数量表现为光皮桦>鳞毛蕨>马尾松>五节芒>煤矸石层土壤,4种植物根际土壤细菌OTUs数量达显著性差异(P<0.05).根际土壤优势细菌群落为变形菌门(Pseudomonadota)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteriota)、放线菌门(Actinomycetota)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi).植物根内生细菌优势菌门为变形菌门和蓝菌门(Cyanobacteria),根内生细菌OTUs数量显著低于根际土壤细菌数量. pH、AK含量极显著影响根际土壤微生物OTUs(P<0.01),根际土壤AN、AK含量和根内Mn、Mg含量极显著影响植物根内生菌OTUs(P<0.01).本研究表明不同植物种类根际微生物OTUs数量存在较大差异,根部内生菌微生物OTUs数量普遍低于根际土壤,煤矸石堆场优势植物根际招募的微生物在矿区生态恢复中具有应用潜力;结果可为后期金属矿山废弃地植物-微生物联合生态治理提供理论依据.
Microbial community structure diversity is an important indicator of soil ecological restoration.To understand the characteristics of the rhizosphere microbial community structure of dominant plants at a typical coal gangue dump site in Guizhou,this study focused on four dominant plant species(Pinus massoniana,Betula luminifera,Miscanthus floridulus,and Dryopteris goeringiana)and their rhizosphere soils.The physicochemical properties of the rhizosphere soil were measured,including available nitrogen(AN),available phosphorus(AP),available potassium(AK),and total organic carbon(TOC)contents,as well as the total concentrations of heavy metal elements Cd,Cr,Cu,Fe,Mg,Mn,Pb,and Zn.The composition characteristics of the plant rhizosphere soil and root-associated microbial communities were analyzed using high-throughput sequencing methods.The results showed that all four dominant plants significantly increased the pH and AK levels of the coal gangue soil(P<0.05)and significantly increased the number of soil bacterial and fungal operational taxonomic units(OTUs;P<0.05).The number of rhizosphere soil bacterial OTUs was highest in B.luminifera,followed by D.goeringiana,Pinus massoniana,and M.floridulus,and the number of bacterial OTUs in the rhizosphere soil of the four plant species showed significant differences(P<0.05).The dominant bacterial communities in the rhizosphere were Pseudomonadota,Acidobacteria,Actinomycetota,and Chloroflexi.The dominant phyla of endophytic bacteria within plant roots were Pseudomonadota and Cyanobacteria,and the number of root endophytic bacterial OTUs was significantly lower than that of rhizosphere soil bacteria.pH and AK had a highly significant impact on the OTUs of rhizosphere soil microorganisms(P<0.01),whereas AN,AK,Mn,and Mg had a highly significant influence on the OTUs of endophytic bacteria in plant roots(P<0.01).In conclusion,significant differences in the number of OTUs of rhizosphere microorganisms were observed among different plant types,with the number of endophytic microbial OTUs in the roots being lower than that in the rhizosphere soil.The dominant plants in coal gangue dump sites recruit microorganisms to their roots and rhizosphere,which has potential applications in the ecological restoration of mining areas and provides a theoretical basis for the subsequent joint ecological management of plants and microorganisms in abandoned metal mine sites.
作者
任军
罗绪强
徐秀月
柳文浩
韩攀
REN Jun;LUO Xuqiang;XU Xiuyue;LIU Wenhao;HAN Pan(School of Geography and Resources,Guizhou Education University,Guiyang 550018,China;Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic State Monitoring of Watershed,Guiyang 550018,China)
出处
《应用与环境生物学报》
北大核心
2025年第7期1120-1133,共14页
Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology
基金
贵州省教育厅2023年度普通本科高校科学研究项目(青年项目)(黔教技[2022]252号)
贵州师范学院科学研究基金项目(2021BS010)
贵州师范学院大学生创新创业训练计划项目(2023142234206)资助
贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合基础-ZK[2024]一般651)。
关键词
煤矸石堆场
根内生菌
优势植物
微生物群落
生态修复
coal gangue dump
root endophyte
dominant plant
microbial community
ecological restoration
