摘要
基于新熊彼特增长理论,以2011—2022年中国高技术制造业经验证据检验关键核心技术创新对企业绩效的影响。结果发现,关键核心技术创新对企业绩效具有显著正向影响,且研发风险较低的关键核心技术创新对企业绩效的影响更显著。在考虑内生性问题以及稳健性检验后,结论仍然成立。调节效应表明,企业竞争地位能够进一步强化关键核心技术创新对企业绩效的影响效应,且企业竞争地位对高风险类关键核心技术创新与企业绩效关系的调节作用更显著。中介作用表明,关键核心技术创新可以通过提升企业生产经营效率和市场获利能力提升企业绩效。异质性分析表明,关键核心技术创新对企业绩效的正向影响在大规模企业和积极融入全球创新网络企业样本中更显著,技术活跃性较低行业关键核心技术创新对企业绩效的影响效应更显著。结论可揭示关键核心技术创新对企业绩效的影响,为企业绩效提升提供理论参考。
Key and core technology innovation is the internal driving force for the formation of new quality productive forces,which is of great significance to the high-quality development of the economy.From the concept and connotation of key and core technologies to the impact factors,impact mechanisms and implementation paths,existing research focuses on the antecedents of key and core technological innovations;however,there is a relative lack of research on the consequences of their impacts,especially in the context of scientific and technological self-reliance and self-reliance at the micro level of the impact of key and core technological innovations on enterprise performance,and the inherent mechanism of the impacts waits to be explored.Following the Neo-Schumpeterian Growth Theory,the study collects the empirical evidence of China's high-tech manufacturing industry from 2011 to 2022.It sets key and core technology innovation as an explanatory variable,enterprise performance as an explanatory variable,enterprise competitive position as a moderating variable,and production and operation efficiency and market profitability as mediating variables to empirically examine the impact of key and core technology innovation on firm performance.The data is subjected to the benchmark regression test,endogeneity test,and robustness test,and four conclusions are drawn.First,key and core technology innovation is conducive to promoting the improvement of enterprise performance,and the key and core technology innovation with relatively low R&D risk has a greater improvement effect.Second,competitive position strengthens the influence of key and core technology innovation on firm performance,and the moderating effect of enterprise competitive position on high-risk key and core technology innovation and firm performance is greater.Third,key and core technology innovation promotes the improvement of enterprise performance through the effective path of improving enterprise production and operation efficiency and market profitability.Fourth,the key and core technology innovation of large-scale enterprises has a more significant impact on the improvement of enterprise performance.Enterprises that actively integrate into the global innovation network are more conducive to the improvement of the performance of key and core technology innovation;the key and core technology innovation of the industry with low technology activity has a greater impact on the improvement of enterprise performance.The practical implications of this study are as follows:Firstly,it is essential to make full use of the new quality production force of key and core technology innovation to improve the production and operation efficiency of enterprises.In the process of carrying out R&D activities of key and core technologies,enterprises should actively introduce innovative and managed-type high-skilled talents,constantly optimize and upgrade the basic process and core components of enterprises,improve production and operation efficiency and reduce production and operation costs.Secondly,in order to fully release the commercial value of key and core technology innovation results to improve the profitability of the enterprise market,enterprises need to conduct in-depth market research and identify and evaluate key and core technologies from various aspects,keep strengthening industry-university-research cooperation and industrial chain cooperation,accelerate the transformation and marketization of technological achievements,and thus improve the overall competitiveness and market responsiveness of technological achievements.In addition,in the R&D activities of key and core technologies,enterprises should conduct technology iteration and optimization in a timely manner according to market feedback and user needs.Third,in addition to policy guidance,the research and development subsidy mechanism needs to be continuously optimized for high-tech manufacturing enterprises.Moreover,some industries have a low level of technical activity and a slow rate of technology iteration.The national strategic science and technology force should be further strengthened to collaborate more effectively with enterprises.Fourthly,it is necessary to encourage enterprises to actively integrate into the global innovation network to obtain international innovation resources.The key and core technologies in some areas are restricted by Western countries,and enterprises should adhere to promoting a high level of opening up,actively integrate into the global innovation network to obtain international scientific and technological resources,market resources,and human resources.
作者
冯启良
安琪
方炜
Feng Qiliang;An Qi;Fang Wei(School of Management,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi'an 710129,China)
出处
《科技进步与对策》
北大核心
2025年第17期66-78,共13页
Science & Technology Progress and Policy
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目(22&ZD069)
国家社会科学基金一般项目(22BGL011)
西安市科技计划软科学项目(24RKYJ0011)。
关键词
关键核心技术创新
企业绩效
生产经营效率
市场获利能力
企业竞争地位
Key and Core Technology Innovation
Enterprise Performance
Production and Operation Efficiency
Market Profitability
Competitive Position of the Enterprise
