摘要
随着国内高品位易采矿产资源的消耗殆尽,低品位难采矿床大量投入开采。在低碳高效开采的大背景下,矿山面临尾矿库征地和塌陷区治理等生产难题,亟需改进采矿方法,以满足难采矿床安全高效开采需求。本文结合三道沟铁矿开采条件,运用铁矿低碳安全高效开采模型,提出地表尾砂胶结充填塌陷坑、地下分段崩落法高效开采的采充分离采矿方法,同时采用遇水不泥化高浓度尾砂胶结膏体充填、利用厚度不小于临界散体高度的充填散体隔断的砂石流危害防控技术以及下盘导流放矿的矿石损失贫化控制技术,保证充填与采矿作业互不干扰。将该新采矿方法全面应用于三道沟铁矿,实现了采动塌陷区下不稳矿床的安全高效开采,取得了显著的安全、经济和环保效益。
With the depletion of high-grade and easy-to-mine mineral resources in China,a large number of low-grade and difficult-to-mine deposits have been put into mining.Under the backdrop of low-carbon and high-efficiency mining,the mines are facing the production problems of tailings reservoir land acquisition and subsidence area management,which urgently need to improve the mining method to meet the needs of safe and efficient mining of difficult-to-mine deposits.This paper combined the mining conditions of Sandaogou Iron Mine and applied the low-carbon,safe,and efficient mining model for iron mine.It proposed the mining and filling separation method for efficient mining using surface tailings cemented filling collapse pit and underground sublevel caving method.At the same time,it used high-concentration tailings cemented paste filling that did not mud when encountering water,sand and stone flow hazard prevention and control technology using filling bulk materials with a thickness not less than the critical bulk height,and ore loss and impoverishment control technology for the footwall diversion and ore discharge to ensure that filling and mining operations did not interfere with each other.The new mining method has been fully applied to Sandaogou Iron Mine,achieving safe and efficient mining of unstable deposits under mining subsidence areas,and achieving significant safety,economic,and environmental benefits.
作者
李海英
任凤玉
曹建立
陈豁祥
LI Haiying;REN Fengyu;CAO Jianli;CHEN Huoxiang(School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan Hubei 430081,China;School of Resources and Civil Engineering,Northeastern University,Shenyang Liaoning 110819,China;Huadian Mining Co.,Ltd.,Tonghua Iron and Steel Group,Huadian Jilin 132409,China)
出处
《化工矿物与加工》
2025年第9期39-43,共5页
Industrial Minerals & Processing
基金
国家自然科学基金重点项目(51534003)
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0801601)。
关键词
采动塌陷区
不稳矿床
采充分离
尾砂充填
地表塌陷
采矿方法
低碳开采
mining subsidence area
unstable deposits
mining and filling separation
tailings filling
ground subsi-dence
mining method
low carbon mining
