摘要
探究水文连通性对水鸟多样性的影响,对于优化水鸟栖息地结构并维护湿地生态功能具有重要意义。以吉林向海国家级自然保护区为研究区域,采用实地调查与连通性评估模型,系统分析了2014—2023年水鸟多样性对湿地水文连通性变化的响应特征。通过对不同水文连通时期水鸟群落特征及多样性的评估,探讨了湿地水文条件对水鸟多样性的影响。研究结果表明,2014—2023年向海自然保护区水鸟群落中鸻形目和雁形目水鸟约占52.59%;水鸟多样性指数整体呈现先上升后下降的变化趋势,Simpson多样性指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Margalef物种丰富度和Pielou均匀度均存在显著的时间变化;水鸟多样性与湿地水文连通性具有显著耦合关系,高水文连通期内水鸟多样性较高,而随着水文连通性下降,水鸟种群分布不均,群落多样性降低,群落结构趋于简单化。加强湿地水文连通性管理,对于提升水鸟多样性和维持湿地生态功能具有重要意义。
Investigating the impact of hydrological connectivity on waterbird diversity is crucial for optimizing waterbird habitat structure and maintaining wetland ecological functions.Using Xianghai National Nature Reserve in Jilin Province as the study area,this study systematically analyzed the response characteristics of waterbird diversity to changes in wetland hydrological connectivity from 2014 to 2023,employing field surveys and a connectivity assessment model.By evaluating waterbird community characteristics and diversity during periods of differing hydrological connectivity,the influence of wetland hydrological conditions on waterbird diversity was explored.The results indicate that:Between 2014 and 2023,waterbirds of the orders Charadriiformes and Anseriformes constituted approximately 52.59%of the waterbird community within Xianghai Reserve.The overall trend in waterbird diversity indices showed an initial increase followed by a decline.Significant temporal variations were observed in the Simpson diversity index,Shannon-Wiener diversity index,Margalef species richness,and Pielou evenness.A significant coupling relationship exists between waterbird diversity and wetland hydrological connectivity.Waterbird diversity was higher during periods of high hydrological connectivity.As connectivity decreased,waterbird populations became unevenly distributed,community diversity declined,and community structure tended towards simplification.Enhancing the management of wetland hydrological connectivity is therefore essential for improving waterbird diversity and sustaining wetland ecological functions.
作者
颜阳
杨晓军
刘吉平
李海山
周禹彤
王双
白雪光
Yan Yang;Yang Xiaojun;Liu Jiping;Li Haishan;Zhou Yutong;Wang Shuang;Bai Xueguang(College of Soil and Water Conservation,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,Yunnan,P.R.China;College of Geographic Science and Tourism,Jilin Normal University,Siping 136000,Jilin,P.R.China;Administration of Jilin Xianghai National Nature Reserve,Baicheng 137200,Jilin,P.R.China;Tongyu County Water Conservancy Survey Center,Baicheng 137200,Jilin,P.R.China;Comprehensive Service Center of Beizheng Town,Changling County,Songyuan 131500,Jilin,P.R.China;No.8 Middle School of Tongyu County,Baicheng 137200,Jilin,P.R.China)
出处
《湿地科学》
北大核心
2025年第4期679-690,共12页
Wetland Science
基金
吉林省科学技术厅项目(YDZJ202401363ZYTS)资助。
关键词
水鸟多样性
水文连通性
连通性函数
湿地保护
向海湿地
waterbird diversity
hydrological connectivity
connectivity function
wetland conservation
the Xianghai Wetland
