摘要
为筛选出适合山西设施番茄生长的有机水溶肥种类及浓度,提高番茄产量与品质,试验以草莓西红柿作为供式品种,在越冬日光温室大棚中进行分组实验,以不施肥为对照(CK处理),设4种有机水溶肥处理,分别为矿源黄腐酸钾有机水溶肥(T1)、海姆菲特腐殖酸有机水溶肥(T2)、甲壳素海藻精有机水溶肥(T3)和起彩沃根绿叶膨果有机水溶肥(T4),每种肥料均分低(L)、中(M)、高(H) 3种浓度,研究滴灌下不同有机水溶肥不同浓度处理对番茄生长、品质、产量指标的影响。结果表明:T4-M处理效果最佳,与CK处理相比,在定植120 d时番茄植株的株高、茎粗分别提升了42.46%、57.14%,叶片SPAD值和平均叶面积在定植60 d时较CK处理分别提升了10.56%、102.07%。果实中可溶性糖、糖酸比、VC、番茄红素含量显著提升了32.30%、141.15%、82.65%、52.47%,产量显著提升65.91%。耦合协调度分析结果表明,T4-M处理对提高番茄品质效果最佳。总体来说滴灌不同浓度的有机水溶肥可以有效促进番茄生长,提高品质,增加产量,其中以T4-M效果最佳。综上所述山西设施番茄推荐采用滴灌T4-M的施肥方案,既可以减少肥料施用量,又可以提高水分利用效率。
This study aimed to identify the optimal types and concentrations of organic water-soluble fertilizers to improve the yield and quality of tomatoes grown in facilities in Shanxi Province.Using the'strawberry tomato'cultivar as the test variety,a comparative experiment was conducted in a winter solar greenhouse.Four organic water-soluble fertilizers—a potassium fulvic acid fertilizer(T1),a humic acid fertilizer(T2),a chitin-seaweed extract fertilizer(T3),and a compound organic fertilizer(T4)—were applied via drip irrigation.A no-fertilizer treatment served as the control(CK).Each fertilizer type was tested at three concentrations:low(L),medium(M),and high(H).We then evaluated their effects on tomato growth,quality,and yield.The results showed that the T4-M treatment was the most effective.Compared to the CK treatment,T4-M increased plant height and stem diameter by 42.46%and 57.14%,respectively,at 120 days post-planting.At 60 days post-planting,it increased the leaf SPAD value and average leaf area by 10.56%and 102.07%,respectively.Furthermore,this treatment significantly improved fruit quality—increasing soluble sugar,sugar-acid ratio,Vitamin C,and lycopene content by 32.30%、141.15%、82.65%and 52.47%,respectively—while also boosting the total yield by 65.91%.Coupling coordination analysis further confirmed that the T4-M treatment was optimal for enhancing tomato quality.In conclusion,the T4-M fertigation scheme is recommended for facility-grown tomatoes in Shanxi to optimize growth,quality,and yield.This approach also holds potential for improving fertilizer and water use efficiency.
作者
刘凯华
申丽霞
侯嘉羿
耿国强
LIU Kai-hua;SHEN Li-xia;HOU Jia-yi;GENG Guo-qiang(School of Hydraulic Science and Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,Shanxi Province,China)
出处
《节水灌溉》
北大核心
2025年第9期86-94,共9页
Water Saving Irrigation
基金
山西省重点研发计划项目(202302140601009)
山西省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助(2025CYJSTX18)。
关键词
番茄
滴灌
有机水溶肥
浓度
果实品质
tomato
drip irrigation
organic water-soluble fertilizer
concentration
fruit quality
