摘要
笔者以2022年以来重庆市典型企业周边表层土壤样品中Cd,Hg,As,Pb,Cu和Ni 6种重金属实测数据为基础,利用聚类分析、主成分分析、正定矩阵因子分解(PMF)模型和潜在生态风险指数法分析了土壤中重金属污染特征、来源及潜在生态风险.研究结果表明,除As以外,Cd,Hg,Pb,Cu和Ni 5种重金属平均含量均高于全国和重庆表层土壤的土壤背景值含量.不同行业类别土壤污染物含量及土壤环境质量现状表现出明显的差异性,其中电力生产企业周边土壤环境质量最好,有色金属冶炼和压延加工业、环境治理业企业周边土壤环境质量相对较差.PMF源解析表明:As以自然源为主,贡献率为78.8%;Hg以化学药品生产活动、固废及危废等处理处置为主,贡献率为78.7%;Cd,Pb,Ni和Cu以金属冶炼和压延加工生产活动为主,贡献率分别为62.6%,56.3%,67.6%和67.3%.研究区土壤处于中等生态风险水平,其中应引起重视的是Hg和Cd,对该研究区域的贡献率分别高达58.1%和31.2%.
In this study,based on the measured data of six heavy metals,including Cd,Hg,As,Pb,Cu,and Ni,in surface soil samples around typical enterprises in Chongqing since 2022,cluster analysis,principal component analysis,positive matrix factorization(PMF)model,and potential ecological risk index methods were used to analyze the pollution characteristics,sources,and potential ecological risks of heavy metals in soil.The results showed that,except for As,the average content of five heavy metals,including Cd,Hg,Pb,Cu,and Ni,was higher than the soil background of surface soils in China and Chongqing.There were significant differences in the content of soil pollutants and the current status of soil environmental quality among different industries,with power generation industry having the best soil environmental quality,while non-ferrous metal smelting and rolling industry and environmental governance industry had relatively poor soil environmental quality.PMF source analysis showed that As was mainly from natural sources,with a contribution rate of 78.8%;Hg mainly originated from the production activities of chemical drugs,solid waste and hazardous waste treatment and disposal,with a contribution rate of 78.7%;Cd,Pb,Ni,and Cu were mainly produced through metal smelting and rolling processing,with contribution rates of 62.6%,56.3%,67.6%,and 67.3%,respectively.In addition,the soil in the study area was at a moderate ecological risk level.Notably,the contribution rates of Hg and Cd to the study area were as high as 58.1%and 31.2%,respectively.
作者
李小红
刘正实
邓娟
陈忠
何春兰
LI Xiaohong;LIU Zhengshi;DENG Juan;CHEN Zhong;HE Chunlan(National Research Base of Intelligent Manufacturing Service,Chongqing Technology and Business University,Chongqing 400067,China;Chongqing Yubei District Ecological Environment Monitoring Station,Chongqing 401120,China;Chongqing Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center,Chongqing 401147,China;Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chongqing 400714,China;Chongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control,Chongqing 401121,China)
出处
《安徽大学学报(自然科学版)》
北大核心
2025年第5期98-108,共11页
Journal of Anhui University(Natural Science Edition)
基金
重庆市科研机构绩效激励引导专项(CSTB2023JXJL-YFX0044)
重庆工商大学科研平台开放课题(KFJJ2019054)。
关键词
土壤
重金属
典型企业
潜在生态风险
源解析
soil
heavy metals
typical enterprises
potential ecological risk
source resolution
