摘要
1633年,荷兰殖民者悍然派遣舰队入侵中国沿海,明荷双方以金厦海域为主战场,展开了一系列海战。由于战前荷方船只本就时常造访厦门,加上厦门明军当时正处于休整状态,与其他地区明军又各自为政,情报传递不畅,导致其麻痹大意,疏于战备,在荷方的蓄意偷袭下蒙受了相当大的损失。但明军很快从失败中警醒过来,充分发挥其火船的优势,频繁对荷兰舰队实施袭扰作战,成功地突破了后者对金厦海域的封锁,从而夺回战争主动权。在最后的金门料罗湾决战中,作为荷方盟友参战的中国海盗船队与明军进行了大量战斗,所谓“不战而逃”之说并无实据。相反荷兰舰队残部之所以能够成功逃离,正是其将海盗盟友与己方部分舰只当作“炮灰”的结果。而明朝上下在这场战斗中却团结一致,互相协作,体现了高度的凝聚力,这也是其最终获胜的重要原因之一。
In 1633,Dutch colonists sent warships to China's coastal areas blatantly.The Ming and the Dutch navies fought a series of battles,with the sea areas of Kinmen and Xiamen as the main battlefield.Due to the fact that Dutch vessels had frequently arrived in Xiamen before,that the Ming troops in Xiamen were undergoing a period of rest and reorganization then,and that the Ming forces in different regions acted independently with impeded military intelligence transmission,the Ming troops were negligent in maintaining combat readiness and suffered considerable losses under the deliberate surprise attack from the Dutch.However,the Ming troops soon woke up to the seriousness of the situation from this defeat.They took full advantage of their fire ships and launched harassing operations against the Dutch fleet,successfully breaking the blockade of the sea areas of Kinmen and Xiamen by the Dutch and regaining the initiative.In the final decisive battle at Liaoluo Bay of Kinmen,the Chinese pirates,an ally of the Dutch,fought a lot of times with the Ming troops.Hence the claim that they"fled without fighting is unfounded.In reality,the Dutch sacrificed their pirate ally and some of their own ships,so that the remnants of their fleet were able to escape.On the contrary,the Ming court and its forces united and cooperated in the battle,demonstrating a high level of solidarity,which was an important reason for their final victory.
出处
《台湾历史研究》
2025年第3期28-40,共13页
Taiwan History Studies
关键词
明朝
荷兰殖民者
金厦海战
the Ming Dynasty
Dutch colonists
the naval clash around kinmen and xiamen
