摘要
定罪附随后果是因犯罪而附加于前罪犯刑罚以外的不利后果。从实然上看,定罪附随后果制度有惩罚前罪犯功能和预防前罪犯再犯罪的功能。但从应然的角度分析,定罪附随后果制度不应当具有惩罚功能,仅具有预防功能。因此,应当剔除报应观念,删除现行规定中具有惩罚属性的定罪附随后果,并要求司法者摒弃利用定罪附随后果惩罚被告人的思想。社会防卫理论和罪犯矫正效果的现实情况为定罪附随后果制度的预防功能提供了支撑。在承认定罪附随后果制度预防功能的同时,应当从实体和程序上对定罪附随后果加以限制,防止其不当影响前罪犯及其亲属的权益,确保其顺利回归社会。
Collateral consequences of conviction refer to the adverse outcomes imposed on former offenders in addition to their criminal penalties as a result of their crime.In practice,the system of collateral consequences serves both a punitive function against former offenders and a preventive function to deter reoffending.However,from a normative perspective,this system should not possess a punitive function,only a preventive one.Therefore,the notion of retribution should be eliminated,and any collateral consequences with punitive attributes in current regulations should be removed.Judges should also abandon the mindset of using collateral consequences to further punish the defendant.The preventive function of this system is supported by social defense theory and the practical effectiveness of offender rehabilitation.While recognizing the preventive function,there should be substantive and procedural limitations placed on collateral consequences to prevent undue harm to the rights of former offenders and their families,ensuring their smooth reintegration into society.
出处
《上海政法学院学报(法治论丛)》
2025年第5期77-90,共14页
Journal of Shanghai University of Political Science & Law(The Rule of Law Forum)
基金
司法部2024年度法治建设与法学理论研究重点课题“我国轻罪刑行协同治理问题研究”的阶段性研究成果,项目编号:24SFB1012。
关键词
定罪附随后果
惩罚功能
预防功能
权利限制
collateral consequences of conviction
punitive function
preventive function
restriction of rights
