摘要
目的针对小型装配式冷库传统均匀布点温度监测方式的局限性,提出一种基于数值模拟和试验验证的优化布点方法。方法采用数值模拟研究货物堆垛方式、风速及开门操作对冷库温度场和速度场的影响,分析库内热点和温度超标体积的变化,进而基于聚类算法对温度监测布点进行优化。结果不同工况下,冷库内温度场的温度波动区域均在风机射出冷空气流经区域和库门附近,平均温度位于库内几何中心处。货物堆垛方式会显著影响库内的温度-速度耦合场,风速增大可改善库内温度场的均匀性。开门操作120 s后,温度显著升高,且温度超标区域几乎覆盖库内全部区域。基于聚类算法优化有效减少了冗余的温度监测布点,最终形成的优化布点方案由10个温度监测点组成。与常规布点方案相比,优化方案的监测范围可有效覆盖冷库各区域温度变化,对工况变化的响应迅速。结论本研究为小型装配式冷库温度监测布点方案设计提供了兼具科学性与实用性的解决方案,其监测效能可满足冷链食品安全管理的精准化与实时性要求。
The work aims to propose an optimized sensor layout method based on experimental verification and numerical simulation to deal with the limitations of traditional uniform temperature monitoring sensors layout methods used in small assembly cold storage.The temperature and velocity fields under different stacking methods of goods,wind speed and door opening operation were performed using numerical simulation,then variations in hot spots and temperature-exceeding volumes were evaluated.Subsequently,the temperature monitoring sensor layout was optimized using the K-Means algorithm.The study revealed that under different working conditions,the temperature fluctuation area of the cold storage was mainly located in the region where the cold air was discharged by the fan or the region near the door.While the high-temperature region was prone to appear on the upper region,and its geometric center could reflect the average temperature of the cold storage.The stacking methods of goods significantly affected the temperature-velocity coupling field inside the cold storage.An increase in wind speed could improve temperature uniformity inside the cold storage.After keeping the door open for 120 s,a significant temperature increase was observed,with the areas of elevated temperature covering almost the entire cold storage.Based on K-Means optimization,a layout scheme consisting of 10 temperature monitoring nodes was designed,and redundant temperature monitoring nodes were effectively reduced.Compared with the traditional layout scheme,the monitoring range of the optimized scheme could effectively cover the temperature variations in each area of the cold storage and respond quickly to changes under different operating conditions.This study provides a scientific and practical solution for the design of temperature monitoring sensor layouts in small assembly cold storage.Its monitoring performance meets the requirements of precision and real-time management in cold-chain food safety.
作者
黄逸茗
李保国
王欣
HUANG Yiming;LI Baoguo;WANG Xin(School of Health Science and Engineering,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai 200093,China)
出处
《包装工程》
北大核心
2025年第17期202-221,共20页
Packaging Engineering
基金
国家重点研发计划(2022YFF1101104)。
关键词
小型装配式冷库
温度-速度耦合场
温度监测
布点优化
数值模拟
small assembly cold storage
temperature-velocity coupling field
temperature monitoring
layout optimization
numerical simulation
