摘要
以2个万寿菊雄性不育系为母本,5个自交系为父本,开展杂交试验,调查不同杂交组合母本花序结实率随授粉日期的变化趋势,分析结实率与空气温度和湿度指标的相关性,研究了万寿菊杂交结实适宜的温度和湿度条件,以期为提高万寿菊杂交制种效率提供参考依据。结果表明:1)在不同授粉日期,万寿菊不同杂交组合结实率呈现规律性的差异,在6个杂交组合中,3个组合686×138、686×375、384×148在4月25日授粉均有最高的平均结实率,认为当天的空气温度和相对湿度条件最适宜万寿菊杂交结实。2)相关分析表明,组合686×138母本结实率与日最高相对湿度存在显著正相关,相关系数达0.874(P<0.01),与日平均相对湿度相关系数达0.785(P<0.05)。组合686×375母本结实率与日最高气温呈显著负相关,相关系数为-0.939(P<0.05)。3)授粉前用不同浓度药剂喷施母本柱头,除T5(3.0%NaCl)处理之外,花序结实率均高于对照,其中最高的处理为T2(0.2%葡萄糖),结实率高达79.21%,而对照结实率仅为63.61%。
Two male sterile lines of marigold were used as female parents and five inbred lines were used as male parents.Hybrid experiments were conducted to investigate the variation trend of seed setting rate with pollination date in different hybrid combinations,and to analyze the correlation between seed setting rate and air temperature and humidity indicators,in order to provide reference for improving the efficiency of hybrid seed production of marigold.The results showed that,1)there were regular differences in the seed setting rate of different hybrid combinations of marigold on different pollination dates.Three out of six combinations,such as 686×138,686×375,and 384×148,had the highest average seed setting rate on the day of April 25 th.It was believed that the temperature and relative humidity conditions on that day were most suitable for marigold hybrid seed setting.2)Correlation analysis showed that,there was a significant positive correlation between the seed setting rate of the cross 686×138 and the daily highest relative humidity,with a correlation coefficient of 0.874(P<0.01),and a correlation coefficient of 0.785(P<0.05)with the daily average relative humidity.The seed setting rate of the 686×375 was significantly negatively correlated with the daily maximum temperature,with a correlation coefficient of-0.939(P<0.05).3)Spraying chemical agents on the stigma before pollination resulted in higher inflorescence setting rates than the control,except for T5(3.0%NaCl)treatment.The highest setting rate was T2(0.2%glucose),with a seed setting rate of 79.21%,while the control was only 63.61%.
作者
张华丽
宋利娜
孙丽萍
董爱香
衣彩洁
何燕红
ZHANG Huali;SONG Lina;SUN Liping;DONG Aixiang;YI Caijie;HE Yanhong(Beijing Academy of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,Beijing 100102;Beijing Key Laboratory of Greening Plants Breeding,Beijing 100102;College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan,Hubei 430070)
出处
《北方园艺》
北大核心
2025年第17期19-26,共8页
Northern Horticulture
基金
北京市园林绿化产业促进中心资助项目(2022-04-01)。
关键词
万寿菊
雄性不育系
杂交育种
结实率
marigold
male sterile lines
hybrid breeding
seed setting rate
