摘要
目的对2022年青岛市某小学发生的一起诺如病毒感染聚集性疫情进行调查研判,探索可能的传播途径和危险因素,为后续处置此类事件提供借鉴。方法根据发病特点制定病例定义,扩大搜索范围,收集个案信息和现场卫生学情况,采集环境样本、食物样本、病例肛拭子,进行诺如病毒检测及常见肠道致病菌培养,采用χ^(2)检验进行率的比较。结果该次聚集性疫情发现17例诺如病毒感染病例,均为同一班级学生,班级内罹患率为42.50%,男生为40.00%,女生为45.00%,男女生诺如病毒感染罹患率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.10,P>0.05)。诺如病毒感染病例的发病时间为2022年1月5日—1月8日,高峰出现在1月7日。采集各类样本共37份,12份样本GⅡ型诺如病毒核酸检测阳性,阳性率为85.71%,常见肠道致病菌均未检出。结论该事件为GⅡ型诺如病毒所引发的人传人聚集性疫情,首发病例潜伏期内排毒,与班内同学密切接触造成病毒局部传播。建议进一步前移防控关口,通过强化日常监测、环境通风消毒等综合措施,防范诺如病毒传播。
Objective To investigate and study an outbreak in clusters of Norovirus infection in an elementary school in Qingdao City in 2022,to explore possible transmission routes and risk factors,and to provide a duplication for the subsequent disposal of such incidents.Methods Case definitions were formulated based on characters of the onset of desease,search scopes were expanded,and case information and on-site hygiene conditions were collected.Environmental samples,food samples,and anal swabs from cases were collected.Norovirus tests and cultures of common intestinal pathogenic bacterium were performed.The χ^(2)test was used for comparison of the rates.Results A total of 17 cases of Norovirus infection were found in this outbreak in clusters,all of which were students in the same class,with an attack rate of 42.50% within the class,40.00% for boys and 45.00% for girls.The difference in the attack rate of Norovirus infection between boys and girls was not statistically significant(χ^(2)=0.10,P>0.05).The onset of Norovirus infection cases was from January 5 to January 8,2022,with the peak occurring on January 7th.A total of 37 samples of various types were collected,12 samples were positive for Norovirus type GII nucleic acid test,with a positivity rate of 85.71%,and none of the common intestinal pathogenic bacterium were detected.Conclusion The incident is a human-to-human outbreak in clusters caused by Norovirus type GII.The first case is detoxified during the incubation period,and close contact with classmates resulted in localized transmission of the virus.It is recommended to further move forward the prevention and control gateway to prevent the spread of Norovirus by strengthening daily monitoring,environmental ventilation and disinfection,and other comprehensive measures.
作者
王春辉
邱晓菲
贺倩倩
李健
刘婕
潘国华
高晓宾
WANG Chunhui;QIU Xiaofei;HE Qianqian;LI Jian;LIU Jie;PAN Guohua;GAO Xiaobin(Health Emergency Response Office,Qingdao Shibei District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Qingdao,Shandong 266000,China;不详)
出处
《医学动物防制》
2025年第7期694-696,703,共4页
Journal of Medical Pest Control
基金
山东省基层卫生协会第五届山东省基层卫生科技创新计划项目(JCK24043)。
关键词
学校
诺如病毒
潜伏期
聚集性疫情
流行特征
调查
综合性措施
分析
School
Norovirus
Incubation period
Outbreak in clusters
Epidemiological characteristic
Investigation
Comprehensive measure
Analysis
