摘要
目的 探究武陵山区高等职业院校学生(简称高职生)危害健康行为潜在类别特征及相关因素,为高职生健康成长和制定有效的干预措施提供参考。方法 于2024年4—6月,采用分层随机整群抽样法从地处武陵山区的湖南湘西地区、湖北恩施地区、贵州铜仁地区的3所高等职业院校抽取1 737名学生,采用大学生危害健康行为问卷、亲子关系量表、社会支持量表、学校联结量表进行问卷调查,采用潜在类别分析高职生在危害健康行为方面存在的异质性分布特征,采用多元Logistic回归分析探讨高职生危害健康行为潜在类别的相关因素。结果 高职生12种危害健康行为分为3个潜在类别:综合高危组(151名,8.7%)、心理问题组(883名,50.8%)、低危组(703名,40.5%);危害健康行为各潜在类别在不同性别、是否独生子女高职生间分布差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2) 值分别为121.25,9.85,P值均<0.05);“低危组”亲子关系(29.26±6.19)、社会支持(63.98±18.16)、学校联结得分(35.97±7.71)均高于“综合高危组”“心理问题组”(27.28±6.03,57.67±15.60,32.97±7.55;27.52±5.19,62.06±14.54,33.80±6.14)(F值分别为20.37,23.51,9.89,P值均<0.05)。多元Logistic回归分析结果显示,男生更易类属“综合高危组”(OR=3.29),社会支持、学校联结水平高的学生不易类属“综合高危组”(OR值分别为0.03,0.92)和“心理问题组”(OR值分别为0.21,0.96)(P值均<0.05)。结论 武陵山区高职大学生危害健康行为存在3个潜在类别,学校、家庭、社会应针对不同类别高职大学生加强亲子关系、学校联结、社会支持水平,促进身心健康发展。
Objective To explore the latent class characteristics and related factors of health-risk behaviors among higher vocational college students(referred to as vocational students)in the Wuling Mountain Area,so as to provide references for promoting their healthy development and formulating effective intervention measures.Methods From April to June 2024,a stratified random cluster sampling method was used to survey 1737 students from three higher vocational colleges in the Wuling Mountain Area(Xiangxi in Hunan,Enshi in Hubei,and Tongren in Guizhou).The study employed the Health-risk Behavior Questionnaire for College Students,the Parent-Child Relationship Scale,the Social Support Scale,and the School Connection Scale for data collection.Latent class analysis(LCA)was used to examine the heterogeneous distribution characteristics of health-risk behaviors among vocational students,and multivariate Logistic regression was applied to analyze the related factors of latent classes.Results The LCA results identified three latent classes based on 12 health-risk behaviors:the comprehensive high-risk group(151 students,8.7%),the psychological distress group(883 students,50.8%),and the low-risk group(703 students,40.5%).The distribution of latent classes showed statistically significant differences in gender and only-child status(χ^(2) =121.25,9.85,both P<0.05).The low-risk group scored higher in parent-child relationship(29.26±6.19),social support(63.98±18.16),and school connection(35.97±7.71)compared to the comprehensive high-risk group(27.28±6.03,57.67±15.60,32.97±7.55)and the psychological distress group(27.52±5.19,62.06±14.54,33.80±6.14)(F=20.37,23.51,9.89,all P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression revealed that boys(OR=3.29)were more likely to belong to the comprehensive high-risk group,social support(OR=0.03,0.21)and school connection(OR=0.92,0.96)were less likely to belong to both the comprehensive high-risk and psychological distress groups(all P<0.05).Conclusions There are three potential categories of health-harmful behaviors among vocational college students in Wuling Mountain Area.Schools,families and society should enhance the levels of parent-child relationship,school connections and social support for vocational college students of different categories to promote their physical and mental health development.
作者
文理中
张天成
王澳伦
张福兰
郭淑媛
WEN Lizhong;ZHANG Tiancheng;WANG Aolun;ZHANG Fulan;GUO Shuyuan(College of Sports Science,Jishou University,Jishou 416000,Hunan Province,China)
出处
《中国学校卫生》
北大核心
2025年第8期1102-1106,共5页
Chinese Journal of School Health
基金
2022年教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(22YJ880086)
湖南省哲学社会科学基金一般项目(19YBA285)
2024年湖南省教育厅科学研究重点项目(24A0381)。
关键词
危险行为
精神卫生
回归分析
学生
Dangerous behavior
Mental health
Regression analysis
Students
