摘要
目的 调查小学生青春发动时相情况,为早期识别出疑似青春期发动提前的儿童提供参考依据。方法 2023年10月23日至11月7日,对扬州市梅岭小学4个校区10 225名一至六年级学生进行调查,其中男生5 412名,女生4 813名。对女生乳房、男生外生殖器进行视诊、触诊,使用Tanner分期法评价学生青春发育水平。青春发动时相通过中国汉族儿童青春期发育里程碑指标中的年龄、性别参考值进行判断。采用SPSS 26.0软件进行描述性分析。结果 男生睾丸容积达4 mL的中位年龄为10.49岁,女生乳房开始发育的中位年龄为9.70岁。睾丸容积≥4 mL男生中,16.6%(217名)被判断为疑似青春发动提前;乳房发育TannerⅡ期和Ⅲ期的女生中,小学女生分别有123和165名(9.4%,18.5%)乳房发育对比同一发育阶段的年龄提前;共有14.4%的学生疑似青春发动提前。结论 扬州市小学女生的青春发动年龄与其他地区相近,男生的青春发动年龄提前。
Objective To investigate the timing of puberty onset among primary school students,so as to provide the reference data for early identification of children with suspected precocious puberty.Methods A study was conducted from October 23 to November 7,2023,involving 10225 students(5412 boys,4813 girls)from grade 1 to 6 of four campuses in Meiling Primary School in Yangzhou.Breast development in girls and external genitalia in boys was assessed via visual inspection and palpation,with pubertal stages classified using the Tanner staging method.Puberty onset timing was determined based on age/sex reference values from Chinese Han children's pubertal milestone indicators.Descriptive analysis was performed using SPSS 26.0.Results The median age for testicular volume reaching 4 mL in boys was 10.49 years,while the median age for breast development onset in girls was 9.70 years.Among boys with testicular volume≥4 mL,16.6%(n=217)were identified as suspected early puberty cases;among girls with Tanner stageⅡandⅢ,123(9.4%)and 165(18.5%)showed earlier breast development than the reference range.Overall,14.4%of students exhibited suspected precocious puberty.Conclusion The onset age of puberty for girls in primary schools of Yangzhou aligns with findings from other regions,while boys show earlier pubertal initiation.
作者
窦成茵
张雷
葛宝金
王磊
DOU Chengyin;ZHANG Lei;GE Baojin;WANG Lei(Child Healthcare Department of Yangzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225002,Jiangsu Province,China)
出处
《中国学校卫生》
北大核心
2025年第7期1019-1022,1026,共5页
Chinese Journal of School Health
基金
2024年度扬州市基础研究计划(联合专项)卫生健康类项目(2024-2-14)。
