摘要
目的了解云南省西部中小学生心理健康状况及相关因素,为进一步推进心理健康教育工作提供科学依据。方法2024年6月,采用分层整群抽样方法选取云南省迪庆州、临沧市、保山市西部三地18所中小学校4584名学生,使用心理健康诊断测验量表(MHT)评估,并通过潜在类别分析(LCA)和Logistic回归分析分别对数据进行分类和相关因素分析。结果中小学生MHT总体阳性率为11.81%,总体平均分(40.50±19.25)分,学习焦虑(58.4%)、过敏倾向(31.1%)和自责倾向(23.1%)为主要问题。LCA将学生分为心理问题严重组、学习焦虑与过敏组、学习焦虑与身体症状组和健康组4类,心理问题检出率分别为74.4%,16.4%,9.2%,0。Logistic回归分析结果显示,与健康组相比,心理问题严重组中女生、初中和高中学生、严厉型管教方式的学生心理问题风险更高(OR值分别为3.01,1.88,4.02,3.54);学习焦虑与过敏组中女生、高中生、住校生、严厉型管教方式的学生心理问题风险更高(OR值分别为1.87,1.54,1.31,1.85);学习焦虑与身体症状组中女生、高中生、严厉型管教方式的学生心理问题风险更高(OR值分别为2.22,2.58,2.74),监护人为父母与祖辈、非独生子女学生心理问题风险较低(OR值分别为0.38,0.58)(P值均<0.05)。结论性别、学段、住校情况、监护人类型和管教方式为云南省西部中小学生心理健康问题主要相关因素。建议加强心理健康教育,关注留守儿童心理健康,促进中小学生健康成长。
Objective To investigate the mental health status and related factors among primary and secondary school students in western Yunnan Province,so ao to provide scientific evidences for advancing mental health education.Methods In June 2024,a stratified cluster sampling method was employed to select 4584 students from 18 schools across Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture,Lincang City and Baoshan City three regions in western Yunnan Province.The Mental Health Test(MHT)was used for assessment.Latent class analysis(LCA)and Logistic regression were applied for data classification and related factor analysis respectively.Results The overall positive detection rate of MHT was 11.81%,with a mean total score of 40.50±19.25.The predominant issues were learning anxiety(58.4%),hypersensitivity tendency(31.1%),and self-blame tendency(23.1%).LCA categorized students into four groups:severe psychological problems group(74.4%detection rate),learning anxiety-hypersensitivity group(16.4%),learning anxiety-physical symptoms group(9.2%),and healthy group(0).Logistic regression revealed that compared with the healthy group,the severe problems group showed higher risks among females(OR=3.01),junior/senior high school students(OR=1.88/4.02),and those with authoritarian parenting(OR=3.54);the anxiety-hypersensitivity group had higher risks for females(OR=1.87),senior high students(OR=1.54),boarders(OR=1.31),and authoritarian parenting recipients(OR=1.85);the anxiety-physical symptoms group demonstrated increased risks among females(OR=2.22),senior high students(OR=2.58),and authoritarian parenting recipients(OR=2.74),while lower risks were observed for students with parent/grandparent guardians(OR=0.38)and non-only children(OR=0.58)(all P<0.05).Conclusions Mental health problems are prominent among students in western Yunnan,with gender,grade level,boarding status,guardian type,and parenting style being key determinants.Recommendations include strengthening mental health education,prioritizing left-behind children's psychological well-being and promoting healthy development.
作者
韩芳
王琦
温雅婷
李小娟
魏鸿宇
焦锋
HAN Fang;WANG Qi;WEN Yating;LI Xiaojuan;WEI Hongyu;JIAO Feng(Haiyuan College,Kunming Medical University,Kunming 650106,Yunnan Province,China;不详)
出处
《中国学校卫生》
北大核心
2025年第7期1009-1013,共5页
Chinese Journal of School Health
关键词
精神卫生
回归分析
潜在类别分析
学生
Mental health
Regression analysis
Latent class analysis
Students
