摘要
对科学基金各学科的发展态势进行分析,可以为诊断学科发展现状、制定学科发展战略规划提供参考依据。本研究从科研产出视角出发,以2013—2022年的Web of Science(WoS)论文为数据源,应用科学计量学方法,从学科结构、产出成效、国际合作三个维度,对科学基金各学科的发展态势进行横向对比分析。研究发现,在学科结构方面,中国在物质科学及工程技术类优势学科规模指标表现突出,效率指标差距显著,需着重鼓励优势学科原创性、引领性研究产出,实现突破式创新发展。中国的学科结构均衡性不断加强,在学科均衡协同发展的基础上,需优先支持国家战略需求领域和科学前沿领域突破。在资助成效方面,国家自然科学基金项目的资助具有较高投入产出效率,且有效推动了重要成果的产出,需继续加强高产出效率领域及重要成果团队的后续资助力度,进一步提升投入产出效率。在国际合作方面,中国天文学、管理科学国际合作论文份额最高,化学、医学份额最低,各学科的国际合作论文份额自2020年起均呈显著下降趋势,其中中美合作大幅下滑,材料科学和力学领域下降最为明显。需聚焦全球关注的热点科研问题,构建更加多元化的国际科研合作网络。
Macro-level discipline evaluation can provide a reference for revealing the state and formulating strategic plans for discipline development.The analysis of the development trends for National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)disciplines can provide data evidence to the state and formulating strategic plans for discipline development for NSFC.Based on Web of Science(WoS)publications from 2013 to 2022,using bibliometric methods,this study analyzes the development trends of scientific fund disciplines,from three dimensions:discipline structure,output efficiency,and international collaboration.The main findings include:the dominant disciplines(material sciences,engineering)of China perform well in scale indicators,but significant gaps in efficiency indicators.Original,pioneering research should be prioritized;In terms of discipline structure,China’s discipline structure is becoming increasingly balanced.Priority support should be given to strategic national needs and pioneering fields.NSFC demonstrates high input-output efficiency and promotes the production of highly cited publications.It is essential to strengthen funding for high-efficiency fields and research teams;In terms of international collaboration,astronomy and management science exhibit the highest proportion of internationally co-authored publications,while chemistry and medicine show the lowest.All disciplines have demonstrated a significant decline in international collaboration rates since 2020.China-U.S.collaboration has significantly declined,particularly in materials science and mechanics.It is crucial to focus on globally research topics and establish a more diversified international scientific collaboration network.
作者
翟琰琦
杨立英
孙粒
李梦辉
耿莉莉
赵宇
岳婷
Yanqi Zhai;Liying Yang;Li Sun;Menghui Li;Lili Geng;Yu Zhao;Ting Yue(National Science Library,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;Bureau of Planning and Policy,National Natural Science Foundation of China,Beijing 100085,China;School of Earth Sciences and Resources,China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《中国科学基金》
北大核心
2025年第4期600-614,共15页
Bulletin of National Natural Science Foundation of China
关键词
科学基金
WoS论文
发展态势
科学计量学
National Natural Science Foundation
WoS publications
development trends
scientometrics
