摘要
本研究旨在筛选适用于鸭粪好氧堆肥的高效微生物菌剂。采用条垛式好氧堆肥法,设置两组堆肥菌剂接种处理组(STG组、SSG组)与空白对照组(SUG组),通过监测堆肥温度、种子发芽指数(GI)、碳氮比(C/N)及有机碳降解率等指标,系统评价菌剂对堆肥效率与腐熟度的影响。结果表明:(1)STG组、SSG组升温至50℃的时间较SUG组分别提前了2、1 d,且维持超过50℃的时间大于17 d,符合《粪便无害化卫生要求》(GB 7959—2012)的要求;超过55℃维持时间均在15 d以上,达到《畜禽粪便堆肥技术规程》(NY/T 3442—2019)的要求;(2)菌剂处理组在12 d时的C/N值稳定在16:1,而SUG组则需38 d;(3)堆肥38 d后粪大肠菌、蛔虫卵和镉、铬、汞、铅、砷含量均达到《有机肥料》(NY/T 525—2021)和《生物有机肥》(NY/T 884—2012)要求;(4)菌剂处理组4 d时的总养分(N+P_(2)O_(5)+K_(2)O)超过4.0%,堆肥后期的pH值为7.96~8.92,有机碳含量保持在30%以上;(5)STG组38 d的种子发芽指数为93.9%,显著优于SSG组(72.0%)与SUG组(80.2%),有机质含量超过56%。综上所述,两种微生物菌剂可使堆肥进程加速1~2 d,其中STG处理组在有机物降解效率与腐熟度方面更具优势,因此推荐将其应用于本配方的鸭粪堆肥中。为确保堆肥达到无害化标准,建议堆肥周期不低于38 d。
This study aimed to screen efficient microbial inoculants suitable for aerobic composting of duck manure.Using the pile composting,two inoculated treatment groups(STG,SSG)and a blank control group(SUG)were established.Through monitoring composting temperature,germination index(GI),carbon-to-nitrogen ratio(C/N),organic carbon degradation rate and other parameters,the effects of agents on composting efficiency and maturity were systematically evaluated.The findings indicated that:(I)STG and SSG treatments entered the thermophilic phase(≥50℃)2 days and 1 day earlier than SUG,respectively,with≥50℃durations exceeding 17 days complying with《Hygienie requirements for harmless disposal of night soil》(GB 7959-2012)and≥55℃durations surpassing 15 days complying with《Technical specification for animal manure composting》(NY/T 3442-2019);(2)The C/N ratio stabilized at 16:1 after 12 days'inoculation,while SUG took 38 days;(3)After 38 days,all treatments complied with《Organic fertilizer》(NY/T 525-2021)and《Microbial organic fertilizers》(NY 884-2012)standards for fecal coliforms(≤100 CFU/g),ascarid egg mortality(≥95%),and heavy metal contents(Cd,Cr,Hg,Pb,As);(4)Inoculated treatments achieved total nutrient content(N+P_(2)O_(5)+K_(2)O)>4.0%within 4 days,with pH stabilizing at 7.96-8.92 and organic carbon remaining>30%during days 24-38;(5)The GI of the STG group reached 93.9%at day 38,significantly higher than SSG(72.0%)and SUG(80.2%).Organic matter content in STG exceeded 56%.In conclusion,two microbial agents accelerated composting by 1-2 days compared to the control.STG demonstrated superior performance in organic degradation efficiency and compost maturity,making it the recommended choice for duck manure composting under this formulation.To ensure safety and harmlessness,a composting duration≥38 days is advised.
作者
宋祥彬
王建才
郭芳坤
汤瑞发
刘光洲
余刚
刘长东
李有志
盛清凯
汤文利
SONG Xiangbin;WANG Jiancai;CUO Fangkun;TANG Ruifa;LIU Guangzhou;YU Gang;LIU Changdong;LI Youzhi;SHENG Qingkai;TANG Wenli(Shandong Center for Quality Control of Feed and Veterinary Drug/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ouality Safety Monitoring for Animal Products and Veterinary Drug Innovation,Jinan 250100,China;Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Microecologics and Eficient Breeding of Livestock and Poultry,Jinan 250100,China;Huo Wo De Yuan Environmental Technology(Jinan)Co.,Lid,Jinan 251600,China;Shandong Zhongxin Food Group Co.,Ltd,Jinan 250101,China;Xintai Tianxin Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Development Co.,Ltd,Xintai 271212,China)
出处
《家禽科学》
2025年第9期38-46,I0007-I0009,共12页
China Poultry Science
基金
山东大学科技型中小企业创新能力提升工程
泰山产业创新领军人才工程专项(TSCX202211023)。
关键词
鸭粪
堆肥菌剂
好氧堆肥
发芽指数
Duck manure
Composting microbial agent
Aerobic composting
Germination index
