摘要
高速航行船舶的船艏在水面砰击下会面临载荷幅值与作用位置不确定等难题,导致该结构在砰击载荷下的结构优化设计困难。本文提出了一种考虑不确定载荷作用的多阶段拓扑优化方法,通过系统性融合载荷不确定性分析与制造约束,实现了轻量化设计与工程可行性的平衡。首先,将不确定性载荷转换为多工况最不利加载问题,通过“最不利工况–拓扑优化”的迭代流程,动态更新临界载荷位置。然后,采用基于变密度法(SIMP)的拓扑优化策略,结合几何/制造约束,逐步求解得到满足强度与刚度要求的最优加筋布局。在每次迭代中,保留前一阶段的设计结果,并基于该设计更新最不利工况,实现对不确定性载荷的渐进式适应。最后,通过多次迭代与几何重构,将高密度单元群转换为可制造的加筋构型并进行有限元验证。结果表明:优化后船艏结构的最大位移显著降低,各工况响应更加均匀,满足轻量化和安全性需求。该方法有效克服了双层嵌套优化的高计算量挑战,为高速船艏在不确定砰击载荷条件下的结构优化设计提供了可行的新思路。
High-speed vessels face significant challenges in optimizing bow structures under slamming loads due to uncertainties in load magnitude and spatial distribution.This paper proposes a multi-stage topology optimization method integrating load uncertainty analysis and manufacturing constraints to balance lightweight design and engineering feasibility.Firstly,the uncertain loads are converted into multi-scenario worst-case loading problems.Through an iterative"critical load scenario-topology optimization"process,the critical load positions are dynamically updated.Then,a topology optimization strategy based on the Solid Isotropic Material with Penalization(SIMP)method is employed,incorporating geometric/manufacturing constraints to progressively derive an optimal stiffener layout that meets strength and stiffness requirements.Each iteration retains prior design outcomes and updates worst-case load scenarios to achieve progressive adaptation to uncertain loads.Finally,multiple iterations and geometric reconstruction convert high-density element clusters into manufacturable stiffener configurations.Finite element verification demonstrates that the optimized bow structure exhibits significantly reduced maximum displacement,more uniform multi-scenario responses,and compliance with lightweight and safety requirements.This method effectively addresses the computational burden of double-layer nested optimization,offering a novel approach for structural optimization of high-speed vessel bows under stochastic slamming loads.
作者
王骁
韦智元
王涛
高元博
于开波
李伟
WANG Xiao;WEI Zhi−yuan;WANG Tao;GAO Yuan−bo;YU Kai−bo;LI Wei(Dalian Naval Academy,Dalian 116018,China;Qingdao Innovation and Development Base,Harbin Engineering University,Qingdao 266000,China)
出处
《船舶力学》
北大核心
2025年第9期1454-1463,共10页
Journal of Ship Mechanics
关键词
船艏砰击
不确定性载荷
结构优化
加筋结构
轻量化设计
bow slamming
uncertain loading effect
structural optimization
stiffend structure
lightweight design
