摘要
气幕密封与传统非接触式密封相比,受透气效应影响小、稳定性好,在起停阶段都拥有良好的密封性能,在高速主轴上得到广泛应用。针对某高速精密磨削主轴气幕密封,基于VOF气液两相流模型进行稳态仿真分析。构建气幕密封的三维流场模型,利用有限元方法分析气幕密封流场的压力和速度分布,研究进气压力、转速以及各关键结构参数对密封性能的影响。结果表明:在0.1~0.15 MPa范围内出口流量与进气压力正相关,密封处于失效状态;在0.15~0.375 MPa范围内出口流量与进气压力负相关,密封开始发挥作用,逐渐阻止液态水进入主轴;转速对密封性能的影响很小,而密封间隙、进气孔直径和进气孔数目的增加使得密封性能下降;进气孔倾斜角度的增大使得密封性能先下降后提升,均压槽的宽度和深度增大则导致密封性能波动,其中槽宽为3 mm或槽深为1~1.5 mm时密封性能较好。
Compared to conventional non-contact seals,air curtain seals are less affected by permeation effects,have good stability,and maintain excellent sealing performance during start-up and shutdown phases,making them widely used in high-speed spindles.For a high-speed precision grinding spindle air curtain seal,a steady-state simulation analysis was conducted based on the VOF(Volume of Fluid)two-phase flow model.A three-dimensional flow field model of the air curtain seal was constructed,and the finite element method was employed to analyze the pressure and velocity distributions within the flow field.The effects of key parameters,such as inlet pressure,rotational speed,and key structural parameters,on sealing performance were investigated.The results show that within the range of 0.1 MPa to 0.15 MPa,the outlet flow rate is positively correlated with the inlet pressure,and the seal is in a failed state.Within the range of 0.15 MPa to 0.375 MPa,the outlet flow rate is negatively correlated with the inlet pressure,and the seal begins to function,gradually preventing liquid water from entering the spindle.The rotational speed has minimal impact on sealing performance,while an increase in the sealing gap,inlet hole diameter,or number of inlet holes leads to a decrease in sealing performance.An increase in the inlet hole tilt angle causes sealing performance to first decrease and then improve.An increase in the width and depth of the equalizing groove results in fluctuations in sealing performance,with better performance observed when the groove width is 3 mm or the groove depth is 1 mm to 1.5 mm.
作者
张晓庆
罗雨
齐向阳
李泽岩
吴承亮
王天成
ZHANG Xiaoqing;LUO Yu;QI Xiangyang;LI Zeyan;WU Chengliang;WANG Tiancheng(School of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387,China;Guizhou Liyang Equipment Technology Development Co.,Ltd.,Guiyang Guizhou 550014,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387,China)
出处
《润滑与密封》
北大核心
2025年第8期100-106,共7页
Lubrication Engineering
关键词
气幕密封
气液两相流
密封性能
高速主轴
均压槽
air curtain seals
gas-liquid two-phase flow
sealing performance
high-speed spindles
homogenization groove
