摘要
目的 分析四川省2023—2024年猴痘病例的流行病学特征及暴露情况,为后续猴痘防控工作提供参考依据。方法 采用描述性流行病学方法,对2023—2024年四川省报告的猴痘确诊病例流行及暴露特征进行分析。结果 四川省2023—2024年累计报告猴痘确诊病例168例,2023年第27—35周(7—8月)为报告高峰期,2023年第36周(9月)以后呈低水平波动态势。病例以男性(99.40%,167/168)、未婚(70.83%,119/168)、30~<40岁年龄(51.19%,86/168)、男男性行为者(占男性病例的90.42%,151/167)、主动就诊发现(95.83%,161/168)为主。36.31%(61/168)的病例自述有HIV感染。临床症状以皮疹(93.57%,157/168)、发热(54.17%,91/168)和淋巴结肿大(34.52%,58/168)为主。病例潜伏期为7(4,10)d。79.16%(133/168)的病例在发病前21 d有性接触史,76.19%(128/168)的病例在发病前21 d有男男同性性接触史。发病前21 d有男男同性接触史的病例中,性伴侣以通过交友软件联系且信息不详的临时性伴为主(63.28%,81/128)。首诊确诊率为50.93%(82/168)。发病至首次就诊时间为3(2,6)d。发病至确诊时间为6(4,8)d。结论 四川省猴痘主要通过男男性接触传播,临床症状典型;应推广高风险人群的知情交友策略,加强与性病艾滋病多病共防;加强诊疗培训,及时发现、识别和管理病例,避免疫情向一般人群扩散。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological and exposure characteristics of mpox cases in Sichuan Province from 2023 to 2024,and to provide a scientific basis for the subsequent prevention and control efforts.Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the prevalence and exposure characteristics of confirmed mpox cases reported in Sichuan Province between 2023 and 2024.Results A total of 168 confirmed mpox cases were reported in Sichuan Province during 2023-2024.The reporting peak occurred in weeks 27 to 35(July to August)of 2023,followed by a low-level fluctuating trend after week 36(September).The majority of cases were male(99.40%,167/168),unmarried(70.83%,119/168),aged 30-<40 years(51.19%,86/168),men who have sex with men(MSM)(90.42%of male cases,151/167),and detected through self-initiated healthcare seeking(95.83%,161/168).Self-reported HIV infection was noted in 36.31%(61/168)of cases.The main clinical symptoms were rash(93.57%,157/168),fever(54.17%,91/168),and lymph node enlargement(34.52%,58/168).The incubation period was 7(4,10)days.Within 21 days before onset,79.16%(133/168)of cases had a history of sexual contact,and 76.19%(128/168)had a history of male-to-male sexual contact.Among the cases with a history of MSM contact in the 21 days before onset,most partners were casual contacts met through dating apps with limited personal information(63.28%,81/128).The initial-visit diagnostic accuracy rate was 50.93%(82/168).The median interval from symptom onset to first medical visit was 3(2,6)days,and from onset to confirmation was 6(4,8)days.Conclusion Mpox in Sichuan province is primarily transmitted through male-to-male sexual contact,and clinical presentations are typically characteristic.High-risk populations should be encouraged to adopt informed partnering strategies,and integrated prevention efforts for sexually transmitted infections and HIV should be reinforced.Strengthened diagnostic and treatment training is crucial for the timely detection,identification,and management of cases to prevent spread to the general population.
作者
马新雅
刘伦光
吴朝学
袁珩
MA Xinya;LIU Lunguang;WU Chaoxue;YUAN Heng(Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu,Sichuan 610041,China)
出处
《中国热带医学》
北大核心
2025年第7期858-863,共6页
China Tropical Medicine
