摘要
目的 通过分析2023—2024年海南省12例猴痘病例的流行病学及临床特征,为猴痘疫情防控提供参考依据。方法 研究对象为截至2024年12月31日、现住址为海南省的猴痘确诊病例。通过描述性统计分析与现场流行病学调查分析猴痘病毒传播和临床发病特征。利用二代测序技术获得猴痘病毒的全基因组测序,分析海南省流行的猴痘毒株特征。结果 2023年9月,海南省报告了首例现住址为海南省的猴痘病例;截至2024年12月31日,累计报告12例。12例猴痘病例均为男性,年龄中位数为33岁,传播途径以男男性接触为主,感染来源为非固定性伴侣。发病至诊断时长平均为5.00 d,末次暴露至发病时长平均为9.13 d,以主动就诊(83.30%,10/12)为主要发现途径。临床症状以皮疹(75.00%,9/12)和发热(50.00%,6/12)为主,并发现2例合并HIV感染。测序结果显示,海南省检出的猴痘病毒为Ⅱb分支的C.1.1亚分支。结论 海南省猴痘病毒主要在男男性接触人群中传播,平均潜伏期为9.13 d,临床症状主要表现为皮疹和发热。患者症状普遍较轻,但从发病到确诊所需时间较长,初次就诊时易出现漏诊情况。此外,疫情调查处置以及防控工作存在一定难度,亟待优化防控策略,以应对疫情挑战。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 12 mpox cases reported in Hainan Province between 2023 and 2024,and to provide a scientific and effective basis for the prevention and control of the mpox epidemic.Methods All laboratory-confirmed mpox cases whose current residence was in Hainan Province and who were reported up to 31 December 2024 were included.Descriptive statistics and field epidemiological investigation were used to examine viral transmission patterns and clinical manifestations.Whole-genome sequencing was performed with second-generation sequencing technology to characterize the circulating mpox virus strains.Results The first mpox case residing in Hainan Province was reported in September 2023;by December 31,2024,a total of 12 mpox cases had been reported.All cases were male,with a median age of 33 years.Transmission occurred predominantly through male-to-male sexual contact,and infections were mainly acquired from non-steady partners.The mean interval from onset to diagnosis was 5.00 days,and the mean incubation period(last exposure to onset)was 9.13 days.Most cases were detected through self-initiated medical consultation(83.30%,10/12).Clinically,rashes(75.0%,9/12)and fever(50.0%,6/12)were the leading manifestations;two cases were co-infected with HIV.The sequencing results indicated that the mpox virus detected in Hainan Province belongs to the C1 sub-lineage of the cladeⅡb.Conclusion In Hainan Province,mpox transmission is concentrated among men who have sex with men(MSM),with an average incubation period of 9.13 days and primary symptoms of rash and fever.Although clinical presentations are generally mild,the time from onset to definitive diagnosis remains relatively long,leading to missed diagnoses at initial visits.Epidemiological investigation and control measures face notable challenges,highlighting an urgent need to optimize prevention and control strategies to meet the challenges of the epidemic.
作者
张玲
吴长城
陈文智
殷大鹏
靳妍
邱丽
陈菁菁
罗艳
王召乾
王明昌
符小晴
朱明胜
许治霖
遇晓杰
王文玲
ZHANG Ling;WU Changcheng;CHEN Wenzhi;YIN Dapeng;JIN Yan;QIU Li;CHEN Jingjing;LUO Yan;WANG Zhaoqian;WANG Mingchang;FU Xiaoqing;ZHU Mingsheng;XU Zhilin;YU Xiaojie;WANG Wenling(Hainan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hainan Academy of Preventive Medicine,Haikou,Hainan 571129,China;Institute of Virology,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 1022063,China;Ledong Li Autonomous County Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Ledong,Hainan 572500,China;Haikou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Haikou,Hainan 571129,China;Sanya Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Sanya,Hainan 572000,China;Danzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Danzhou,Hainan 571700,China)
出处
《中国热带医学》
北大核心
2025年第7期833-838,共6页
China Tropical Medicine
基金
国家疾病预防控制局公共卫生人才培养支持项目(2024年12月)
中国疾病预防控制中心青年科学基金项目(No.2024A103)。
关键词
猴痘
猴痘病毒
男男性行为者
皮疹
发热
流行病学特征
临床特征
Mpox
mpox virus
men who have sex with men
rashes
fever
epidemiological characteristics
clinical characteristics
