摘要
本文结合安徽阜阳地区板蓝根和芝麻套种实践,总结分析了其种植表现及高产栽培技术。在该套种模式中,芝麻盛花期可为板蓝根遮阴,减轻高温灼伤;收获后板蓝根边行优势明显,芝麻单株蒴果数增多,产量提高。其高产栽培技术包括选择抗逆性强、高产优质的品种(如阜芝125芝麻、阜蓝1号板蓝根);选择排水良好的地块并施足基肥;板蓝根于3月下旬至4月上旬播种,芝麻于5月上旬播种;适时定苗,板蓝根中后期追施氮肥,生长期间注意排水防涝;病虫害防治以农业防治为主,化学防治为辅,采用多菌灵、咯菌腈等防治板蓝根轮纹病、芝麻枯萎病等;芝麻于8月中下旬收获后架晒,板蓝根于秋季或冬初收根。本文为板蓝根与芝麻套种栽培模式的推广应用提供参考。
Combined with the intercropping practice of Isatis tinctoria and Sesamum indicum in Fuyang,Anhui Province,the planting performance and high yield cultivation techniques were summarized and analyzed.In this intercropping model,the S.indicum at full bloom stage was able to provide shade for I.tinctoria,reducing heat scorch damage.After harvest,significant marginal row advantages were observed in I.tinctoria,and the number of capsules per S.indicum plant was increased,leading to improved yield.The high yield cultivation techniques included the selection of stress-resistant,high yield,and high quality varieties(such as Fuzhi 125 S.indicum and Fulan No.1 I.tinctoria);fields with good drainage were chosen and sufficient base fertilizer was applied;I.tinctoria was sown from late March to early April,while S.indicum was sown in early May.Timely seedling fixation was carried out,and nitrogen fertilizer was top-dressed during the mid to late growth stages of I.tinctoria.During the growth period,drainage and waterlogging prevention were emphasized.For pest and disease control,agricultural measures were prioritized,supplemented by chemical control.Agents such as carbendazim and fludioxonil were used to control diseases like leaf blotch in I.tinctoria and fusarium wilt in S.indicum.S.indicum was harvested in mid to late August and dried on racks,while the roots of I.tinctoria were harvested in autumn or early winter.This study provides a reference for the promotion and application of the intercropping cultivation model of I.tinctoria and S.indicum.
作者
冯邦杰
FENG Bangjie(Fuyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Fuyang 236065,China)
出处
《安徽农学通报》
2025年第17期29-31,共3页
Anhui Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
国家现代农业(特色油料)产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-14-2-14)。
关键词
板蓝根
芝麻
套种
栽培技术
Isatis tinctoria
Sesamum indicum
intercropping
cultivation techniques
