摘要
目前碳纤维主要的制备方法包括湿法和干喷湿法两种,两种方法生产的碳纤维存在一些差异,对复合材料的性能也会产生不同的影响。为探究两种方法制备的碳纤维的区别及其对复合材料性能的影响,以国产T700级碳纤维和ACTECH1203中温环氧树脂为原料,采用两步法得到预浸料,后采用真空成型方式制备了碳纤维单向带复合材料。探究了分别以湿法(G型)及干喷湿法(S型)制备的以碳纤维为增强体的复合材料在常温及湿热状态下的力学性能差异,并观测了两种纤维的表面形貌及复合材料的界面状态。结果表明,T700级S型和G型纤维表面活性无差异,G型纤维表面布满沟槽,与树脂基体的物理啮合作用更强;S型纤维表面光滑,更少的表面褶皱使得其缺陷更少,体现为更高的拉伸强度。在室温干态力学性能对比中,G型纤维复合材料的压缩强度比S型纤维复合材料的高8%,而S型纤维复合材料的拉伸性能比G型纤维复合材料的高9%。且在进行相同的吸湿处理后,G型纤维复合材料的力学性能保持率更优,能达到85.6%;S型纤维复合材料力学性能保持率较差,仅为71.6%。微观形貌观察表明,G型纤维与树脂基体黏连性更强,断裂面纤维上有明显的树脂残留;而S型纤维断裂面树脂残留很少。
At present,the main preparation methods of carbon fibers include wet method and dry-spray wet method.Carbon fibers produced by these two methods exhibit certain differences,which can differently affect the properties of the resulting composites.In order to explore the difference between the carbon fibers prepared by the two methods and their influence on the properties of the composites,the domestic T700 carbon fiber and the ACTECH1203 medium temperature epoxy resin developed were used as raw materials.The prepreg was obtained by two-step method,and then the carbon fiber unidirectional belt composites were prepared by vacuum molding.The mechanical performance differences under normal and hot-humid conditions of the composites reinforced by wet spinning(G-type)and dry-jet wet spinning(S-type)carbon fibers were explored.The surface morphologies of the two fibers and the interface states of the composite materials were observed.Results indicate that S-type and G-type fibers exhibite no difference in surface activity.G-type fibers have surfaces full of grooves,leading to stronger physical interlocking with the resin matrix.S-type fibers have smoother surfaces with fewer folds,thus fewer defects,resulting in higher tensile strength.In the dry mechanical performance comparison at room temperature,G-type fiber composites display 8%higher compressive performance and 9%lower tensile performance than S-type fiber.Furthermore,after undergoing the same moisture absorption treatment,G-type fiber composites exhibite better mechanical performance retention rates,with the compressive performance retention rate reaching 85.6%.S-type fiber composites show poorer performance retention rates,with the compressive performance retention rate of only 71.6%.Results of microscopic morphology observation demonstrate that G-type fibers have stronger adhesion to the resin matrix,with evident resin residues on the fractured fiber surfaces,while S-type fibers have minimal resin residues on the fractured surfaces.
作者
王峰
庞宝琳
胡溯
王彦博
张一川
冀美宇
张扬
WANG Feng;PANG Baolin;HU Su;WANG Yanbo;ZHANG Yichuan;JI Meiyu;ZHANG Yang(AVIC Composite Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 101300,China)
出处
《工程塑料应用》
北大核心
2025年第8期76-82,共7页
Engineering Plastics Application
关键词
T700级碳纤维
预浸料
复合材料
界面性能
力学性能
T700-grade carbon fibers
prepreg
composite
interfacial performance
mechanical property
