摘要
为掌握重庆高新区城市绿地中自生植物种类、区系类型、分布情况,对位于重庆高新区的公园绿地、广场绿地、住宅区绿地和校园绿地中的自生植物进行调查、统计,并对其中的种子植物进行区系分析,为园林植物引种、驯化和资源开发利用、园林景观建设和绿地养护提供参考。结果表明:重庆高新区城市绿地中,常见的自生植物累计有76科185属243种,其中石松类和蕨类植物7科8属10种、种子植物69科177属233种。含10种及以上自生植物的优势科有3科49属60种,即禾本科(Gramineae)、菊科(Asteraceae)、唇形科(Lamiaceae),分别占总科数、总属数、总种数的3.95%、26.49%、24.69%;从自生种子植物科的区系角度看,分布型表现出既十分丰富,又非常集中的特点,尤以世界广布型、泛热带型最为突出,二者累计占所有科的比例高达75.35%,其余4个类型5个变型仅占总科数的24.65%;从自生种子植物属的区系角度看,分布型主要集中在泛热带分布型、世界广布型、北温带分布型,累计有101属,占总属数的57.06%。综上所述,在重庆高新区城市园林建设中,植物选择、引种、驯化、开发和利用等方面,要优先考虑世界广布型、泛热带分布型和北温带分布型植物,成活率高、景观效果好;在重庆高新区城市绿地养护管理中,要加强对世界广布型和泛热带分布型植物的监测,避免其逸出监管范围,以自生植物的形式大面积出现,从而影响城市绿地景观效果。
To gain insight into the species,floristic types,and distribution of spontaneous plants in urban green spaces in Chongqing Hi-tech Industrial Development Zone.A comprehensive survey and statistical analysis were conducted on the spontaneous plants in park green spaces,plaza green spaces,affiliated green spaces,and campus green spaces located in Chongqing Hi-tech Industrial Development Zone.Flora analysis was also conducted on the seed plants to provide references for the introduction and domestication of garden plants,resource development and utilization,landscape construction,and green space maintenance.A total of 243 species of spontaneous plants belonging to 185 genera and 76 families were identified in the urban green spaces of the High-tech Zone of Chongqing,including 10 species of pteridophytes belonging to 8 genera and 7 families,and 233 species of seed plants belonging to 177 genera and 69 families.The dominant families with more than 10 species included Asteraceae,Gramineae,and Lamiaceae,accounting for 3.95%of the total families,26.49%of the total genera,and 24.69%of the total species,respectively.From the perspective of the flora of spontaneous seed plant families,the distribution pattern showed both richness and concentration,with worldwide and pantropical distributions being the most prominent,accounting for 75.35%of all families.The remaining four types and five variations accounted for only 24.65%of the total families.From the perspective of the flora of spontaneous seed plant genera,the distribution pattern was mainly concentrated in pantropical,worldwide,and north temperate distributions,with a total of 101 genera accounting for 57.06%of the total genera.In urban landscape construction,priority should be given to plants with worldwide,pantropical,and north temperate distributions in terms of plant selection,introduction,domestication,development,and utilization,as they have high survival rates and good landscape effects.In the maintenance and management of urban green spaces,it is necessary to strengthen the monitoring of plants with worldwide and pantropical distributions to prevent them from escaping regulatory control and appearing in large areas as spontaneous plants,which may affect the landscape effect of urban green spaces.
作者
王友国
WANG Youguo(School of Culture and Tourism,Chongqing City Management College,Chongqing 401331,China)
出处
《天津农业科学》
2025年第8期29-35,共7页
Tianjin Agricultural Sciences
基金
重庆市教育委员会科学技术研究项目(KJQN202303309)
重庆市教育委员会职业教育教学改革研究项目(GZ223086)。
关键词
城市绿地
自生植物
物种组成
区系特征
重庆高新区
urban green space
spontaneous plants
species composition
flora characteristics
Chongqing Hi-tech Industrial Development Zone
