摘要
预裂爆破技术作为一种有效的边坡控制与岩体保护手段,在露天矿山中具有广泛的工程应用前景。为明确线装药密度与余高参数对预裂缝形成效果的影响规律,通过岩石力学试验,获取不同岩性的物理力学参数,结合理论计算推导孔壁压力和合理孔距范围。在此基础上,采用显式动力有限元模拟方法,分别构建预裂爆破模型,对比分析了不同线装药密度与余高设置条件下,岩体破坏模式与缝宽演化过程。结果表明:线装药密度是影响预裂缝形成的关键因素,随着密度的增加,预裂缝宽度呈增长趋势,并可拟合获得其函数关系式;而余高对缝宽变化的影响较小,但适当增加余高可有效延长爆轰产物作用时间,促进未装药段形成完整裂缝。研究结果为复杂地质条件下预裂爆破参数优化设计提供了理论支撑和数值依据,对于提升爆破控制精度、保障边坡稳定性具有重要指导意义。
As an effective means of slope control and rock mass protection,presplitting blasting technology has a wide range of engineering application prospects in open-pit mines.In order to clarify the influence of line charge density and reinforcement parameters on the formation effect of pre-cracking,the physical and mechanical parameters of different lithology are obtained through rock mechanics test,and the hole wall pressure and reasonable hole spacing range are deduced by theoretical calculation.On this basis,the explicit dynamic finite element simulation method is used to construct the presplitting blasting model respectively,and the failure mode and crack width evolution process of rock mass under different linear charge density and reinforcement setting conditions are compared and analyzed.The results show that the linear charge density is the key factor affecting the formation of pre-cracking.With the increase of density,the width of pre-cracking increases,and the function relationship can be obtained by fitting.The reinforcement has little effect on the change of crack width,but increasing the reinforcement properly can effectively prolong the action time of detonation products and promote the formation of complete cracks in the uncharged section.The study result provides theoretical support and numerical basis for the optimization design of presplitting blasting parameters under complex geological conditions,and has important guiding significance for improving blasting control accuracy and ensuring slope stability.
作者
安雄
李子健
康福军
单金龙
AN Xiong;LI Zijian;KANG Fujun;SHAN Jinlong(Shougang Mining Corporation;Sinosteel Maanshan General Institute of Mining Research Co.,Ltd.;Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Control for Non-coal Open-pit Mines,National Mine Safety Administration)
出处
《现代矿业》
2025年第8期88-94,共7页
Modern Mining
关键词
预裂爆破
线装药密度
余高
孔壁压力
presplitting blasting
linear charge density
residual height
pressure on bore wall
