摘要
在“双碳”目标背景下,燃煤耦合生物质发电成为降低煤电碳排放的关键技术路径。本文基于我国生物质资源潜力及纯生物质发电现状,系统分析了煤电耦合生物质发电的优势:可充分利用现役机组设施、无需新增占地、经济补贴支持、燃料供应灵活、突破参数限制、稳燃能力提升、减排污染物及规模化高效减排等。重点探讨了燃料侧直接耦合、燃料侧气化耦合与蒸汽侧耦合等3条燃煤耦合生物质发电的技术路线的改造范围、掺烧比例、投资成本及对锅炉运行的影响,通过热重分析揭示了生物质掺烧降低燃料活化能约50%、促进着火和导致锅炉效率微降的化学动力学机理,并量化了对制粉电耗、烟气特性及灰渣资源化的影响。建立了多目标经济优化模型,证实生物质燃料价格与政策补贴时长是决定项目收益率的核心参数,而碳税贡献的影响有限。研究表明,燃料直接掺混技术凭借改造简易性、经济性及显著减排效益,是现阶段最可行的规模化减碳方案,其推广亟须配套生物质供应链与补贴政策机制支撑。
Under the background of the“double carbon”target,coal-fired coupled biomass power generation has become a key technical path to reduce carbon emissions from coal-fired power.Based on Chinas biomass resource potential and the current situation of pure biomass power generation,this paper systematically analyzes the advantages of coal-electricity coupled biomass power generation:making full use of existing unit facilities,no need for additional land occupation,economic subsidy support,flexible fuel supply,breaking through parameter restrictions,improving combustion stability,reducing pollutants and large-scale and efficient emission reduction.The transformation range,blending ratio,investment cost and influence on boiler operation of three technical routes,such as direct coupling of fuel side,gasification coupling and steam side coupling,are discussed.Thermogravimetric analysis reveals the chemical kinetic mechanism that biomass blending reduces the activation energy of fuel by 50%and promotes ignition,but leads to a slight decrease in boiler efficiency,and quantifies the influence on the power consumption of pulverizing,flue gas characteristics and ash resource utilization.A multi-objective economic optimization model is established,which confirms that the price of biomass fuel and the duration of policy subsidy are the core parameters to determine the project yield,while the impact of carbon tax contribution is limited.The research shows that fuel direct blending technology is the most feasible large-scale carbon reduction scheme at this stage by virtue of its simplicity,economy and significant emission reduction benefits.Its promotion needs the support of supporting biomass supply chain and subsidy mechanism.
作者
阮小康
王福珍
RUAN Xiaokang;WANG Fuzhen(Shanxi Jinxing Power Plant,Jinxing Energy Co.,Ltd.,Xingxian 035300,China;School of Electric Power,Civil Engineering and Architecture,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China)
出处
《电力学报》
2025年第2期142-150,共9页
Journal of Electric Power
