摘要
目的 揭示直升机旋翼用抗砂蚀聚氨酯保护带抗砂蚀损伤机理,获取聚氨酯保护带砂蚀评价参数及材料改进方向。方法 以气体射流侵蚀法模拟直升机旋翼用聚氨酯保护带服役环境,确立沙砾组分、砂尘流量等试验参数,通过砂蚀试验评估30°~90°冲蚀角下聚氨酯保护带的抗砂蚀能力,获取冲蚀角度与冲蚀量的关系、冲蚀角度与冲蚀体积的关系,结合聚氨酯保护带砂蚀后的表面粗糙度、微观形貌表征等方法,解析聚氨酯保护带砂蚀坑生成过程及砂蚀损伤机理。结果 当冲击角为30°时,冲蚀量、冲蚀体积最大;当冲蚀角为90°时,冲蚀量、冲蚀体积最小。以30°砂蚀冲击15min后,聚氨酯保护带的损失体积为58mm^(3),约为冲蚀角90°时聚氨酯保护带损失体积的23倍。表面粗糙度与微观形貌表征结果表明,低冲蚀角度下切向载荷对聚氨酯保护带冲蚀起主导作用,高冲蚀角度下法向撞击载荷对聚氨酯保护带冲蚀起主导作用。结论 不同冲蚀角度下,聚氨酯保护带的砂蚀损伤机理存在较大差异,考虑到直升机旋翼的安全性,推荐砂蚀试验的冲蚀角为30°,后续可通过增强材料抗撕裂强度进一步提升抗耐砂蚀性能。
The work aims to reveal the mechanism of sand erosion resistance of polyurethane protective tapes used for heli-copter rotors,and to obtain evaluation parameters and material improvement directions for sand erosion of polyurethane protec-tive tapes.This manuscript simulated the working environment of polyurethane protective tapes for helicopter rotors using the gas jet erosion method.Experimental parameters such as gravel composition and sand dust flow rate were established.The sand erosion resistance of polyurethane protective tapes under erosion angles of 30°to 90°were evaluated through sand erosion test.The relationship between the angle of erosion and the weight of erosion loss,as well as the relationship between the angle of erosion and the volume of erosion loss were clarified.Combined with characterization of surface roughness and microstructure of polyurethane protective tapes after sand erosion,the process of sand erosion pit formation and sand erosion damage mecha-nism of polyurethane protective tapes was analyzed.Under different erosion angles,both erosion amount and erosion volume showed that when the impact angle was 30°,the erosion amount and erosion volume were the highest,and when the erosion an-gle was 90°,the erosion amount and erosion volume were the lowest.And the loss volume of polyurethane protective tapes af-ter 15 minutes of sand erosion impact was 58 mm^(3),which was about 23 times the loss volume of polyurethane protective tapes at an erosion angle of 90°.The results of surface roughness and microstructure indicated that tangential load played a dominant role in the erosion of polyurethane protective tapes at low erosion angles,while normal impact load played a dominant role in the erosion of polyurethane protective tapes at high erosion angles.The sand erosion damage mechanism of polyurethane pro-tective tapes varies significantly under different erosion angles.Considering the safety of helicopter rotors,it is recommended that the erosion angle for the sand erosion test be 30°.Subsequently,the sand erosion resistance can be further improved by en-hancing the tear strength of the material.
作者
朱本胜
朱怡超
吴建国
龚情
郑林峰
曹瑶琴
ZHU Bensheng;ZHU Yichao;WU Jianguo;GONG Qing;ZHENG Linfeng;CAO Yaoqin(China Helicopter Research and Development Institute,Jiangxi Jingdezhen 333001,China)
出处
《装备环境工程》
2025年第8期45-53,共9页
Equipment Environmental Engineering
关键词
直升机
旋翼
聚氨酯保护带
砂蚀评估方法
冲击角度
砂蚀损伤机理
helicopter
rotor
polyurethane protective tape
methods for sand erosion assessment
impact angle
mechanism of sand erosion damage
