摘要
在古代主流观点中,欲望往往被视为一种与理性对举的存在性缺乏,很多现代思想家也看到了欲望的积极性与生产性。进入数字化时代,在技术与资本的深度“合谋”中,人的欲望加速演变成为一种深度的“伪欲望”,表现为越来越突出的加速化、膨胀化、虚假化等现代性危机。欲望的加速化表现为人的欲望初速度大大提高,资本制造欲望的速度不断加快,整个人类社会缺乏欲望的“刹车”。从我需要到我想要,将高位需求转化为基本需求,从延迟满足到超前消费是欲望膨胀化的时代征候。欲望的虚假化体现为人的自然欲望被转化为虚假欲望,社会欲望被转化为个体欲望,将他者欲望等同于自我欲望。面对数字化时代的欲望危机,通过培养“节制”走出欲望困境是一种可能的教育学思路,它要求从理论上解决何为节制这一本体性问题,继而谋划实践的可能性,其路径包括强调节制作为美德及其教育性价值,家庭成为培育儿童节制美德的主阵地,学校教育有意识地培养学生的节制美德。
In mainstream views of ancient China and the West,desire was often seen as an existential“lack”contrasted with“reason,”and many modern thinkers have also recognized the positive and productive aspects of desire.In the digital age,in the deep complicity of technology and capital,human desire has accelerated into a deep“pseudo-desire”,manifesting itself in an increasingly prominent crisis of modernity,such as acceleration,inflation,and falsification.The“acceleration”of desire is manifested in the fact that the“initial speed of desire”of human beings has been greatly increased,the speed of capital in creating desire has been accelerated,and the whole human society lacks the“brake”of desire.From“what I need”to“what I want”,the transformation of high-level needs into basic needs,from delayed satisfaction to excessive consumption,is a symptom of the era of desire expansion.the‘falsification’of desire is the symptom of the human’s‘falsification’.The“falsification”of desires is reflected in the fact that people’s“natural desires”are transformed into“false desires”,and“social desires”are transformed into“individual desires”.The“individual desire”and the equating of the“desire of the other”with the“desire of the self”.Facing the crisis of desire in the digital age,it is a possible pedagogical idea to get out of the dilemma of desire by cultivating“moderation”.It requires a theoretical solution to the ontological problem of what moderation is,and then plans the possibility of practice on this basis.The path includes emphasizing temperance as a virtue and its educational value,family becoming the main position for cultivating children’s temperance virtue,and school education consciously cultivating students’temperance virtue.
作者
邹红军
ZOU Hongjun(School of Education,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079,China)
出处
《重庆高教研究》
北大核心
2025年第5期108-118,共11页
Chongqing Higher Education Research
基金
国家社会科学基金教育学青年项目“数字化时代的主体性危机与教育应对研究”(CAA220307)。
关键词
数字化时代
伪欲望
欲望
教育
节制
digital age
pseudo-desire
desire
education
moderation
