摘要
一体C形电枢作为直线式电磁发射器中将电能转化为动能的重要部件,其性能的优劣直接影响发射器的整体性能,电枢尾翼倾角作为发射器典型结构参数会对其发射性能产生重要影响。该文从枢轨接触压力、电枢结构完整性和发射速度三方面考虑,以平面电枢为例,首先通过理论分析探究了枢轨接触压力与电枢结构完整性约束下尾翼倾角的取值范围,然后通过有限元仿真研究了电枢尾翼倾角对发射速度的影响。结果表明:在载流裕度系数为0.7~0.9的区间内,尾翼倾角的临界值随裕度系数的增大而减小,同时在考虑枢轨接触压力和电枢结构完整性的前提下,30 mm口径电枢尾翼倾角的取值范围为20°~30°;在驱动电流波形和额定发射速度均相同的条件下,电枢发射所需的轨道长度随尾翼倾角的增大而减小,尾翼倾角取30°时的轨道长度是取20°时的83%,增大倾角可以减小发射所需的电流幅值和轨道长度。
Electromagnetic rail launch has the advantages of short launching time,fast launching speed,safety and reliability.Compared with traditional launching method,it has high current density and high relative motion speed,which is in a kind of extreme working condition.As the carrier of converting electric energy into kinetic energy,the working condition of the armature will be directly related to the working condition of the launcher.Compared with other solid armatures,one-piece C-shaped armature has a simple structure and is equipped with a functionally appropriate structure.On one hand,the tail can provide contact pressure,which ensures the electrical contact between the armature/rail;on the other hand,the armature tail inclination increases the friction between the armature and the rail to impede the armature motion,which in turn affects the armature motion characteristics,and in order to prevent the armature tail from fracturing,the tail inclination is also subjected to the armature mechanical strength.Therefore,selecting appropriate structural parameters of the armature tail in different launch scenarios is important to ensure the structural integrity of the armature,ensure the armature/rail electrical contact,and obtain a high launch speed.This article taken the straight armature as an example to study the value range of the tail inclination angle of the C-type armature:First,the lower limit of the value of the tail inclination was obtained based on the principle of armature acceleration,and the upper limit of the range was obtained based on the armature rail contact pressure requirement and the relationship between inclination and contact pressure;Secondly,the force analysis is carried out at the corner of the tail,and under the condition of ensuring that the tail will not break in the launching process,the implicit and explicit expressions of the values of the tail inclination are obtained according to whether the friction force in the launching process is neglected,and their results are compared to determine the range of values of the tail inclination under different current-carrying margin coefficients;Thirdly,the effects of the values of the tail inclination on the launch speed and rail length were obtained by the finite element simulation model,and the tail force curves and contact pressure margin curves were obtained for different values of the inclination.The following results were obtained:The critical value of the tail inclination decreases with the increase of current carrying margin factor in the interval 0.7~0.9,and tail inclination is not less than 13°in 30 mm caliber launcher,and is not less than 10°in 90 mm caliber launcher;To fully ensure the contact pressure demand during launch,the value of inclination ranges from 20°to 30°,at this time,the armature tail will not break during the launching process;At the same drive current waveform and the rated launch speed,the armature with a larger tail inclination is discharged earlier,and the required rail length is smaller.The rail length at 30°is 83%of that at 20°,and increasing the tail inclination significantly reduces the required rail length for launching.
作者
陈立学
任烨
徐晟钦
Chen Lixue;Ren Ye;Xu Shengqin(State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan,430074,China;Key Laboratory of Pulsed Power Technology,Ministry of Education School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan,430074,China)
出处
《电工技术学报》
北大核心
2025年第17期5369-5378,共10页
Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(92266301)。
关键词
电磁轨道发射
C形电枢
尾翼结构参数
倾角
Electromagnetic rail launch
C-shaped armature
tail structure parameters
inclination
