摘要
[目的]研究种植密度对玉米新品种丰大928抗逆性和产量的影响,明确其适宜种植密度,发挥品种潜力,实现玉米单产提升。[方法]以丰大928为材料,设置6.00万、6.75万、7.50万、8.25万、9.00万株/hm^(2)5个种植密度,研究玉米株高、抗病性、倒伏、产量及其构成的变化趋势。[结果]丰大928出苗到成熟共126 d,抗病性较好。在密度增加至9.00万株/hm^(2)时,发生了4.50%的倒伏和5.43%的空秆。在密度6.00万~9.00万株/hm^(2)范围内,随着种植密度的增加,穗粒数和千粒重降低,密度达到8.25万株/hm2后显著降低;籽粒产量先增加后降低,7.50万株/hm2时产量最高,达15110.50 kg/hm^(2)。根据玉米产量与密度的二次型曲线关系,在最高产量差异不显著的5%范围内,在黑龙江省第二积温带丰大928的适宜种植密度范围为73542~85615株/hm^(2)。[结论]从节约成本和减少倒伏风险等综合因素考虑,丰大928适宜的种植密度以73542株/hm2为宜。
[Objective]The aim was to investigate the effect of planting density on the stress resistance and yield of the new maize variety Fengda 928,with the aim of clarifying its suitable planting density,giving full play to the potential of the variety,and achieving an increase in maize yield.[Methods]Using Fengda 928 as test material,five planting densities(60000,67500,75000,82500,and 90000 plants/hm^(2))were established to analyze trends in plant height,disease resistance,lodging,yield,and yield components.[Results]Fengda 928 had a total of 126 days from emergence to maturity and exhibited good disease resistance.When the density increased to 90000 plants/hm^(2),4.50%lodging and 5.43%empty stems occurred.Within the density range of 60000-90000 plants/hm2,as the planting density increased,the number of grains per ear and thousand grain weight decreased,and significantly decreased after reaching a density of 82500 plants/hm^(2).The grain yield first increased and then decreased,with the highest yield of 15110.50 kg/hm^(2) at 75000 plants/hm^(2).According to the quadratic curve relationship between maize yield and density,within the range of 5%where the difference in maximum yield was not significant,the suitable planting density range for Fengda 928 in the second accumulated temperature zone of Heilongjiang province was 73542-85615 plants/hm^(2).[Conclusion]Considering cost efficiency and lodging risk,the recommended planting density for Fengda 928 is 73542 plants/hm^(2).
出处
《园艺与种苗》
2025年第8期70-72,91,共4页
Horticulture & Seed
基金
国家重点研发计划项目——农业生物种质资源挖掘与创新利用“东华北春玉米区早熟高产抗逆宜机收种质创制与应用”(2021YFD1201000)。
关键词
丰大928
密度
农艺性状
抗逆性
产量
Fengda 928
Density
Agronomic traits
Stress resistance
Yield
