摘要
随着轨道车辆的快速发展,现行防火标准不能完全覆盖新技术应用带来的安全需求,亟需通过风险分析的方法指导列车防火设计。为此,针对轨道车辆不同设计阶段,提出相应火灾风险分析方法。在设计策划阶段,运用初步危险表和初步危害分析法识别整车级风险,以形成防火安全需求规范;在方案设计阶段,运用子系统和系统火灾危害分析法细化防火安全需求,以实现防火安全方案的最优设计;在技术设计阶段,运用失效模式和影响分析法,建立火灾规模、生命安全和运行能力的三维评价模型,以确认各子系统防火设计的安全性。结合案例,梳理结构化工作表与标准化流程,为轨道车辆防火设计提供具体分析框架和实施路径。
With the rapid development of rail vehicle,current fire protection standards cannot fully cover the safety requirements brought by new technology applications,and there is an urgent need to guide train fire protection design through risk analysis methods.For this purpose,aiming at different design stages of rail vehicle,the paper proposes corresponding fire risk analysis methods.In the design planning stage,preliminary hazard list and preliminary hazard analysis method is used for identifying wholevehicle level risk in order to form fire safety requirement specifications;in the concept design stage,subsystem and system fire hazard analysis method is used to refine fire safety requirements in order to achieve optimal design of fire safety solutions;in the technical design stage,failure modes and effects analysis(FMEA)is used to establish a three-dimensional evaluation model for fire scale,life safety and operational capability in order to confirm the safety of fire protection design for each subsystem.And combined cases,the paper organizes structured worksheets and standardized processes,in order to provide concrete analysis framework and implementation path for rail vehicle fire protection design.
出处
《铁道技术监督》
2025年第7期6-13,共8页
Railway Quality Control
