摘要
过度医疗犯罪行为是指医疗机构或医务人员在逐利目的驱使下,通过虚增病情胁迫就诊人员接受诊疗活动,侵害就诊人员财产、人身等合法权益的行为。过度医疗犯罪行为具有“致害性”“虚增性”“胁迫性”三个特征。过度医疗犯罪行为是自然犯,因而认定医疗机构、医务人员的行为成立犯罪,就无须依附前置的行政法规范。一般情形下,过度医疗犯罪行为宜认定为敲诈勒索罪。特殊情形下,医务人员在手术过程中控制被害人迫使其当场支付费用的,成立抢劫罪。成立抢劫罪的情形下,如果还存在人身损害,人身损害也应置入抢劫罪中进行整体评价。在单位犯罪中,以非法手段实现医疗机构利益的支配者、加功者属于直接责任人员。基于两类主体在犯罪中的角色功能差异,需分别适用不同的责任认定规则。
The crime of excessive medical treatment refers to the behavior of medical institutions or medical personnel,driven by the pursuit of profit,coercing patients to accept medical treatment activities by exaggerating their condition,and infringing on the legitimate rights and interests of patients such as property and personal safety.The excessive medical crime has three characteristics:"harmfulness","exaggeration",and"coercion".Excessive medical malpractice is a natural crime.Therefore,if the behavior of medical institutions and medical personnel is deemed a crime,there is no need to rely on pre-existing administrative legal norms.In general,the crime of excessive medical treatment should be classified as extortion.In special circumstances,if medical personnel control the victim to force them to pay fees on the spot during the surgical process,it constitutes robbery.In the case of establishing the crime of robbery,if there is still personal injury,the personal injury should also be included in the overall evaluation of the crime of robbery.In unit crimes,those who use illegal means to achieve the interests of medical institutions and those who add credit are directly responsible personnel.Based on the differences in the roles and functions of the two types of subjects in crime,different rules for determining responsibility need to be applied respectively.
作者
雷艳
Lei Yan(Hunan University,Changsha,410082,Hunan)
出处
《湖南警察学院学报》
2025年第4期78-86,共9页
Journal of Hunan Police Academy
基金
2020年国家社会科学基金后期资助项目“刑法前置化及其制约”(20FYB027)。
关键词
过度医疗
自然犯
敲诈勒索罪
支配者
加功者
excessive medical treatment
natural offense
crime of extortion and blackmail
dominator
the booster
