摘要
【目的】明确西双版纳截形姜(Zingiber neotruncatum T.L.Wu,K.Larsen&Turland)叶部病害病原菌的分类地位和生物学特性,同时筛选适宜的防治药剂,为该叶部病害的准确诊断和大田防治提供理论依据。【方法】采用组织分离法分离截形姜病叶病原菌,通过活体接种法确定其致病性,结合形态学特征和多基因序列[核糖体转录间隔区(ITS)、核糖体小亚基(18S rDNA)和β-微管蛋白(TUB2)]分析,确定引起截形姜叶部病害的病原菌,并采用菌丝生长速率法对其进行生物学测定及不同药剂室内毒力检测。【结果】通过对病叶分离纯化共得到5个菌株,选取代表性菌株XJ-1进行形态学鉴定及多基因序列(ITS、TUB和18S)联合分析,确定截形姜叶部病害病原菌为暹罗炭疽菌(Colletotrichum siamense)。生物学特性测定结果表明该菌最适生长温度为25℃,最适pH为7,不同光照下其营养生长差异不显著,最适碳源为葡萄糖,最适氮源为磷酸二氢铵。选择的6种杀菌剂中5种对截形姜炭疽病的菌丝生长表现强毒力,其中450 g/L咪鲜胺水乳剂的毒力最强,EC_(50)值为2.0897μg/mL,其次为50%多菌灵WP和30%唑醚·戊唑醇SE,EC_(50)值分别为2.7347μg/mL和3.3158μg/mL,80%代森锰锌可湿性粉剂毒力最弱,EC_(50)值为967.0566μg/mL。【结论】西双版纳截形姜叶部炭疽病病原菌为暹罗炭疽菌。咪鲜胺、多菌灵和唑醚·戊唑醇对截形姜炭疽病原菌丝具有较好的抑制作用,可作为截形姜炭疽病的大田候选防治药剂。
[Objective]The study aimed to investigate the taxonomic position and biological characteristics of pathogens causing leaf diseases in Zingiber neotruncatum T.L.Wu,K.Larsen&Turland in Xishuangbanna,while screening appropriate control agents to provide a theoretical basis for accurate diagnosis and field control of these foliar diseases.[Method]The pathogenic bacteria of diseased leaves were isolated by tissue separation method and its pathogenicity verified by living leaf inoculation tests.Furthermore,the pathogen was identified by its morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of muli-locus[internal transcribed spacer(ITS),ribosome small subunit(18S rDNA)andβ-tubulin(TUB2)].The mycelial growth was used for biological testing,as well as indoor toxicity of different fungicides to Z.neotruncatum.[Result]A total of 5 strains were obtained by isolation and purification of the infected leaves.A representative typical strain XJ-1 was selected for morphological identification and multi-gene sequence analysis(ITS,TUB and 18S).Colletotrichum siamense was identified as the pathogen of the disease in the leaves of ginger.The optimal growth temperature of the fungus was 25 C,the optimal pH was 7,and there was no significant difference in nutrient growth under different light conditions.Glucose was the most suitable carbon source,while phosphate di-hydrogen ammonium was the most suitable nitrogen source.Of the six selected fungicides,five exhibited strong mycelial growth inhibition against Z.neotruncatum anthracnose,with 450 g/L imazalil aqueous emulsion having the strongest toxicity,with an ECso value of 2.0897μg/mL.The next strongest were 50%carbendazim WP and 30%tebuconazole-pentoxyfen SE,with ECso values of 2.7347μg/mL and 3.3158μg/mL,respectively.The weakest toxicity was exhibited by 80%mancozeb WP,with an ECso value of 967.0566μg/mL.[Conclusion]C.siamense is the pathogen of Z.neotruncatum in Xishuangbanna.Imidamine,Carbendazim and Pyrazolesterin'pentazolol have good inhibition efect on the promycelium of Z.neotruncatum,and can be used as candidates for field control of Z.neotruncatum anthracnose.
作者
阮彦伟
陈明惠
龚燕雄
原慧芳
荣渝虹
李金威
魏丽萍
岩香甩
RUAN Yan-wei;CHEN Ming-hui;GONG Yan-xiong;YUAN Hui-fang;RONG Yu-hong;LI Jin-wei;WEI Li-ping;YAN Xiang-shuai(Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization Research on Rubber Tree,Jinghong,Yunnan 666100,China;Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops,Jinghong,Yunnan 666100,China)
出处
《西南农业学报》
北大核心
2025年第6期1266-1276,共11页
Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
云南省热带作物科学研究所热带作物科技创新专项资金(RF2025-4)
云南省现代农业橡胶产业技术体系建设(2024KJTX-12-3)。
关键词
截形姜
暹罗炭疽菌
病原鉴定
生物学特性
室内毒力测定
Zingiber neotruncatum
Colletotrichum siamense
Pathogen identification
Biological characteristics
Indoor toxicity test
