摘要
东北黑土区承担着国家粮食安全“稳压器”的重要责任。但保护不当或无保护开垦引发水土流失导致土地退化,黑土资源的永续利用受到严重制约。鹤北流域侵蚀沟量大面广、灾害严重,对其进行系统防治对保护粮食安全和土地资源意义重大。以东北黑土区鹤北流域几种不同质地类型切沟沟头为研究对象,通过激光粒度仪法、固结不排水压缩、瞬态脱湿与吸湿试验,深入探究不同质地类型切沟沟头的水−力学性质差异。结果表明:1)孔隙水压力指数ɑ,b值在区分不同质地类型上具有较好的效果。3种黏土类切沟沟头孔隙水压上升及衰减速率:G2(轻黏土沟头切沟)>G1(中黏土沟头切沟)>G3(重黏土沟头切沟);2种壤土类表现为:G5(沙壤土沟头切沟)>G4(重壤土沟头切沟)。2)黏土类切沟沟头的滞后效应相较于壤土类切沟沟头更加明显,G3渗透速率最低且残余含水量最大,G5渗透速率最高且残余含水量最小。脱湿和吸湿速率表现为:G5>G4>G2>G1>G3。3)VDP值可以表征孔隙水压力变化指数,3种黏土类切沟沟头:G2、G1、G3孔隙水压力变化指数与团聚体稳定指数呈负相关关系;2种壤土类切沟沟头:G4、G5孔隙水压力变化指数与团聚体稳定指数呈正相关关系。研究结果为东比对北黑土区鹤北流域土壤水力特性研究及沟蚀防治分析提供科学依据。
[Background]The black soil region in Northeast China bears the important responsibility of the"regulator"of national food security in China,but the soil erosion caused by improper protection or unprotected reclamation leads to land degradation,and the sustainable use of black soil resources is seriously restricted.The erosion gullies in the Hebei River Basin are large in size and wide in area,and the disasters are serious,thus the systematic prevention and control of them is of great significance for the protection of food security and land resources.Due to the unique climatic and topographic conditions and land use situation,the research on erosion gully prevention and control in the Hebei River Basin needs to be strengthened.[Methods]Taking the gully heads of different texture types in the Hebei Basin as the research object,3–4 samples were collected at each furrow head position in the depth range of 0–40 cm as 1 group,and a total of 5 groups were used for repeat experiments,the gully cutting was divided by laser particle size analyzer,the change characteristics of pore water pressure were analyzed by the consolidation undrained compression test,and the differences in hydraulic properties between different texture types were explored through instantaneous dehumidification and hygroscopic experiments.[Results]1)The pore water pressure and decay rate of the three clay types were as follows:G2(light clay gully head cut)>G1(medium clay gully head cut)>G3(heavy clay gully head cut).The two loam types are as follows:G5(sandy loam gully head cut)>G4(heavy loam gully head cut).2)G3 has the lowest permeability rate and the largest residual water content,and G5 has the highest permeability rate and the smallest residual water content.The rates of drying and moisture absorption were as follows:G5>G4>G2>G1>G3.3)The pore water pressure change index of three types of clay gully heads:G2,G1,and G3was negatively correlated with the aggregate stability index.Two types of loam soils cut the furrow and the head of the gully:The pore water pressure change index of G4 and G5 was positively correlated with the stability index of aggregates.[Conclusions]The hydrodynamic properties of the soil at the head of the gully with different texture types in the basin were obtained,which supplemented the gaps in this part and provided data support for the prevention and control of gullies erosion and the protection of land resources in the Hebei River Basin.
作者
王寿彭
马超
郑栋硕
张岩
WANG Shoupeng;MA Chao;ZHENG Dongshuo;ZHANG Yan(School of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,100083,Beijing,China)
出处
《中国水土保持科学》
北大核心
2025年第4期87-95,共9页
Science of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家重点研发计划项目“多尺度土壤复合侵蚀预测模型及耕地质量退化风险预警”(2021YFD1500704)。
关键词
不同质地类型
切沟沟头
水–力学性质
鹤北流域
different texture types
gully head cuts
hydraulic-mechanical properties
Hebei River Basin
