摘要
反思同案同判及其与案例指导制度的关系,可帮助人们明确指导性案例的制度功能和效力定位。对普遍绝对法则与具体经验适用的区分,揭示出一种双层意义上的同案同判:其消极意义在于通过“一致性检验”确保形式正义,积极意义则在于传递裁判规范、完善规范供给。案例指导制度不仅体现了维护正义的价值性目的,同时也承载着规范供给的规范性功能。“应当参照”这一制度性义务是对同案同判的强化;而“裁判要点”的存在则表明该制度试图以强有力的方式实现积极意义上的同案同判,与其匹配的效力定位应当是“裁判依据”。但“唯裁判要点式”的参照适用,构成了对同案同判的“异化”运用,取消了消极意义上的“一致性检验”,无法保证参照适用的正当性,因此要确立法官“应当参考”其他部分的制度义务。双层性的参照机制可以在确保指导性案例拘束力的同时,促进对其的准确和规范适用。
Reflecting on Treating Like Cases Alike and its relationship with the Case Guiding System can provide an enlightening ground for clarifying the function and validity of Guiding Cases.Through the separation of universal-absolute law and concrete-empirical application,we can find a kind of double sense of Treating Like Cases Alike.The negative sense is to carry out"consistency test"for judicial judgments and guarantee the bottom line of justice,while the positive sense is a kind of norms supply activity.The Case Guiding System simultaneously shows these two dimensions:the value purpose of maintaining justice and the norm-giving function of norms supply.The institutional obligation of"should refer to"strengthens Treating Like Cases Alike.The establishment of Judgment Points indicates that this system aims to achieve positive sense of Treating Like Cases Alike in a powerful way,and its matching validity should be judgment basis.However,referring only to Judgment Points constitutes the alienation of Treating Like Cases Alike,destroying the"consistency test",and thus cannot guarantee the legitimacy of the reference application.Therefore,it is necessary to stipulate that the judges'obligation to reference other parts of Guiding Cases.A two-layer reference mechanism can not only ensure the binding force,but also promote the accurate and standard application of Guiding Cases.
出处
《交大法学》
北大核心
2025年第5期152-163,共12页
SJTU Law Review
关键词
同案同判
一致性检验
规范供给
应当参照
裁判要点
Treating Like Cases Alike
Consistency Test
Norms Supply
Should Refer to
Judgment Points
