摘要
目的通过分析无偿献血者ABO血型改型的原因,改善献血体验,从而提升献血者保留率和输血安全性。方法浙江省衢州地区血站无偿献血者ABO初筛血型采用纸板法只做正定型,血型复检采用全自动血型仪检测。统计分析2019—2023年衢州市中心血站108473名无偿献血者ABO血型改型数据。根据A抗原漏检、B抗原漏检、A抗原错检、B抗原错检、A/B抗原漏检、A/B抗原错检和录入错误7种情况分类统计。结果2019年ABO血型改型人数最少,占比为0.24%(17/7101);2022年ABO血型改型人数最多,占比为0.26%(23/8797);不同年份ABO血型改型占比比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。99例ABO血型改型中,复检血型为A型25例,B型32例,O型13例,AB型29例;其中,漏检69例中,A抗原漏检22例,B抗原漏检44例,A/B抗原漏检3例;错检30例中,A抗原错检12例,B抗原错检17例,A/B抗原错检1例。其中2021年上、下半年错误例数分别为3例和17例,2023年错误例数分别为5例和16例,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论B抗原漏检是ABO血型改型的主要形式,纸板法的技术缺陷是无偿献血者ABO血型改型的主要原因。
Objective To improve the blood donation experience and enhancing donor retention and transfusion safety by analysing the reasons for ABO blood group reassignment in unpaid blood donors.Methods The initial screening blood type of ABO blood donors in Quzhou area of Zhejiang province was done by cardboard method only for positive typing,and the blood type retyping was detected by fully automatic blood typing instrument.Statistical analysis of ABO blood group retyping data of 108473 uncompensated blood donors in Quzhou central blood station from 2019 to 2023.The data were classified and statistically analyzed according to 7 situations,including missed detection of A antigen,missed detection of B antigen,incorrect detection of A antigen,incorrect detection of B antigen,missed detection of A/B antigen,incorrect detection of A/B antigen and entry error.Results The number of people of ABO blood group retyping was the least in 2019,with a proportion of 0.24%(17/7101),the largest number in 2022,accounting for 0.26%(23/8797),the comparison of the proportion of ABO blood group retyping in different years showed no statistically significant difference(P>0.05).Among the 99 cases of ABO blood group retyping,the re-examination showed that the blood types were type A in 25 cases,type B in 32 cases,type O in 13 cases,and type AB in 29 cases.Among the 69 cases of missed detection,22 cases of missed detection of A antigen,44 cases of missed detection of B antigen,and 3 cases of missed detection of A/B antigen.Among the 30 cases of incorrect differences were 12 cases of incorrect detection of A antigen,17 cases of incorrect detection of B antigen,and 1 case of incorrect detection of A/B antigen.The number of incorrect cases in the first and second half of the year was 3 cases and 17 cases in 2021,respectively,and 5 cases and 16 cases in 2023,respectively,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Missed detection of B antigen is the main cause of ABO blood group reassignment,and technical defects in the cardboard method are the main cause of ABO blood group reassignment in unremunerated blood donors.
作者
吴少云
吴世泉
江素君
王月霞
WU Shaoyun;WU Shiquan;JIANG Sujun;WANG Yuexia(Department of Laboratory,Quzhou Central Blood Station,Quzhou Zhejiang 324003,China)
出处
《中国卫生标准管理》
2025年第11期149-152,共4页
China Health Standard Management
关键词
无偿献血者
ABO血型
正反定型
规范化
献血者保留
输血安全
unpaid blood donors
ABO blood group
positive and negative stereotypes
standardization
blood donors retained
blood transfusion safety
