摘要
一个国家和民族在面临重大战略选择时,往往会受到文化价值观的历史惯性推动。历史、文化因素触及战略选择偏好的深层次逻辑,弥补了战略研究理性主义的视野范围。本文从战略文化的视角,揭示了美国人工智能战略背后的动因,为理解美国在人工智能领域的竞争与合作提供了文化层面的分析框架。研究运用历史文化分析法和案例研究法,以“霸权护持”“边疆文化”“美国例外论”“孤立主义与干涉主义”四个文化维度为切口,阐释战略文化如何内化为美国国家安全意识的组成部分和战略决策的内在动因,进而引导并形塑其科技竞争战略。基于上述维度,本文推演了美国当前人工智能战略的三大动向,即以“疆域开拓与隐患遏制”为方向,沿“泛安全化与体系垄断”路径推进,辅以“选择性结盟与责任规避”手段。进而,文化局限性也对美国人工智能战略发展施加了潜在的负面影响,包括削弱其在全球人工智能联盟的核心地位、侵蚀盟友间的信任基础,以及加剧军备竞赛和国际人工智能治理体系的碎片化风险。最后,研究提出了智库交流平台建设、消解美式霸权叙事、打造文明多样性人工智能公共产品、强化军事安全对话等举措,为构建文明多样性与多极化共生的全球人工智能治理生态提供参考。
In the context of increasingly intense global competition in artificial intelligence(AI),understanding the cultural driving forces behind national strategic choices is essential for analyzing international technological competition.Existing studies mainly focus on technological rivalry or geopolitical logic,with limited attention given to how cultural values shape strategic decisions.This paper,from the perspective of strategic culture,constructs an analytical framework of“national security-AI-strategic culture”,using four cultural dimensions,namely,“hegemonic protection”,“frontier culture”,“American exceptionalism”,and“isolationism versus interventionism”,to trace the historical evolution of the US AI strategy,deconstruct current development trends,and propose inclusive governance strategies based on cultural limitations.This approach offers a cultural lens for understanding the global AI governance landscape.This paper uses historical cultural analysis and case studies to uncover the interactive logic between cultural genes and AI strategy.The“hegemonic support”tradition of the US leads it to treat AI as a tool for technological monopoly;“frontier culture”evolves into the“digital new frontier”,creating a model of capital and policy-driven land grabbing;“US-centrism”transforms AI competition into a“civilizational clash”;and the combination of“isolationism and interventionism”manifests as the“high fences around a small yard”strategy-collaboration within alliances and external blockage.The study finds that the three main trends in the US AI strategy are,in essence,the technological externalization of cultural logic:Strategically,it advances technological monopolies under the guise of“territorial expansion”while suppressing competitors under the pretext of“hazard containment”.In terms of pathways,AI is embedded within an ideological confrontation framework through“pan-securitization”.In terms of tactics,a composite strategy of“selective alliances”and“responsibility avoidance”is employed,simultaneously building a technological closed loop with allies while avoiding global governance responsibilities,which exacerbates the international cooperation trust crisis.Cultural limitations lead to three major impacts:“Binary opposition”weakens the core position of alliances,fostering a“de-Americanized”multi-path approach;technological protectionism erodes ally trust;and the militarization of AI and“small-circle”governance intensifies security dilemmas,leading to fragmented rules.The innovation of this paper is reflected in stepping outside the conventional rationalist analysis framework to construct a“culture-strategic choice”explanatory model,revealing the cultural contradictions within the US AI strategy and providing insight into its policy continuity.Based on this,this paper proposes responses:facilitating cognitive penetration through think tanks and other platforms to inspire“cultural-industrial”awareness and dissolve American hegemonic narratives;creating AI public products that reflect civilizational diversity,shifting governance rules from“value export”to“experience sharing”;and establishing a technology transparency framework while strengthening military security dialogues to avoid arms race risks.These measures aim to offer theoretical and practical value in contributing to the creation of a multipolar and civically harmonious global AI governance ecosystem.
出处
《暨南学报(哲学社会科学版)》
北大核心
2025年第6期173-196,共24页
Jinan Journal(Philosophy and Social Sciences)
基金
全军军事理论科研计划重点项目(24-JSLLKY-010)。
关键词
战略文化
美国
人工智能
人工智能战略
国家安全
科技安全
文化路径
strategic culture
the United States
artificial intelligence
artificial intelligence strategy
national security
scientific and technological security
cultural approach
